Production Method 1

875-83-2

842-07-9

85-86-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite Catalysts: Boron trifluoride Solvents: Water ;  2 min, rt
1.2 2 min, rt

Reference

BF3.SiO2: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of azo dyes at room temperature

Mirjalili, Bi Bi Fatemeh; et al, Current Chemistry Letters, 2012, 1(3), 109-114

Production Method 2

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite ,  Hydrochloric acid ,  Polytetrafluoroethylene Solvents: Water ;  20 min, rt
1.2 40 min, rt

Reference

A quantitative one-pot synthesis method for industrial azo pigments with recyclable wastewater

Feng, Guangyuan; Zhu, Meiling; Liu, Lei; Li, Chunbao, Green Chemistry, 2019, 21(7), 1769-1776

Production Method 3

586-96-9

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Nitric oxide

Reference

Reactions of nitrosobenzenes with nitrogen monoxide

Iida, Hirotada; Sato, Toshiyasu; Kawamoto, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Kazumasa; Yamada, Kazutoshi, Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 1978, (7), 1003-6

Production Method 4

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite ,  Hydrochloric acid Solvents: Water ;  0 °C; 0 - 5 °C
1.2 Reagents: Acetic acid Solvents: Water ;  12 min, 0 - 5 °C
1.3 Reagents: Sodium nitrite Solvents: Water ;  pH 3 - 4, 0 - 5 °C

Reference

Process intensification in azo dyes

Shankarling, Ganapati S.; Deshmukh, Pratik P.; Joglekar, Amruta R., Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2017, 5(4), 3302-3308

Production Method 5

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Catalysts: Graphene (carboxyl- and nitrite-functionalized, reaction products with quantum dots) ;  10 min, rt
1.2 Solvents: Water ;  10 min, rt

Reference

Carboxyl and nitrite functionalized graphene quantum dots as a highly active reagent and catalyst for rapid diazotization reaction and synthesis of azo-dyes under solvent-free conditions

Valizadeh, Hassan; shomali, Ashkan; Nourshargh, Saideh; Mohammad-Rezaei, Rahim, Dyes and Pigments, 2015, 113, 522-528

Production Method 6

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Hydrochloric acid Solvents: Acetonitrile ;  30 min, 0 - 5 °C
1.2 Solvents: Acetonitrile ;  0 - 5 °C; 12 h, 0 - 5 °C

Reference

Diazotization of anilines and diazo coupling with a coupling component mediated by a polymer-supported sodium nitrite and a polymeric acid

Karimi Zarchi, Mohammad Ali; Karimi, Mohammad, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2012, 123(5), 2762-2767

Production Method 7

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite ,  Hydrochloric acid Solvents: Water ;  0 °C; 10 min, 0 °C
1.2 Reagents: Sodium hydroxide Solvents: Water ;  20 s, 0 °C

Reference

Continuous flow solvent free organic synthesis involving solids (reactants/products) using a screw reactor

Sharma, Brijesh M.; Atapalkar, Ranjit S.; Kulkarni, Amol A., Green Chemistry, 2019, 21(20), 5639-5646

Production Method 8

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite ,  Hydrochloric acid Solvents: Acetonitrile ;  0.5 h, 0 - 5 °C
1.2 Solvents: Acetonitrile ;  0 - 5 °C; 45 min, 0 - 5 °C

Reference

Synthesis of azo chromophores by using a polymer-supported sodium nitrite

Zarchi, Mohammad Ali Karimi; Karimi, Mohammad, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2011, 120(1), 538-543

Production Method 9

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite Catalysts: Montmorillonite ((Al1.33-1.67Mg0.33-0.67)(Ca0-1Na0-1)0.33Si4(OH)2O10.xH2O) (copper, iron, or zinc-exchanged) Solvents: Water ;  30 min, rt; 30 min, rt; 1 h, rt

Reference

Application of modified clays in diazotization and azo coupling reactions in water

Chermahini, Alireza Najafi; Doukheh, Maryam; Hassan, Hassan Zadeh; Bostanian, Mehdi, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (Amsterdam, 2012, 18(2), 826-833

Production Method 10

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium nitrite ,  Hydrochloric acid Catalysts: 1H-Imidazolium, 3-ethenyl-1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-, chloride (1:1), homopolymer (silica nanoparticle-bound) Solvents: Water ;  0 - 5 °C; 10 min, 0 - 5 °C
1.2 Reagents: Hydrochloric acid Solvents: Water ;  5 min, 0 - 5 °C
1.3 5 min, 0 - 5 °C

Reference

New Generation of Nitrite Functionalized Star-like Polyvinyl Imidazolium Compound: Application as a Nitrosonium Source and Three Dimensional Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Azo Dyes

Shomali, Ashkan; Valizadeh, Hassan; Noorshargh, Saeideh, Letters in Organic Chemistry, 2017, 14(6), 409-418

Production Method 11

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Catalysts: Graphene (oxide, nitrite-functionalized) ;  5 min, 0 - 5 °C
1.2 Solvents: Methanol ;  0 - 5 °C; 5 min, 0 - 5 °C

Reference

Graphene Derivative As a Highly Efficient Nitrosonium Source: A Reusable Catalyst for Diazotization and Coupling Reaction

Pethsangave, Dattatray A.; Khose, Rahul V.; Chaskar, Atul C.; Jun, Seong Chan; Some, Surajit, ChemistrySelect, 2016, 1(21), 6933-6940

Production Method 12

100-34-5

135-19-3

842-07-9

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Sodium hydroxide Solvents: Water

Reference

Synthesis and characteristics of some organic dyes

Khobrani, Salihah Hussain A., Journal of Chemical, 2023, 13(1), 1-11

Production Method 13

58367-01-4

842-07-9

85-83-6

64-75-5

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Solvents: Ethanol ;  8 h, 180 °C

Reference

Multifunctional Carbon Dots-Based Fluorescence Detection for Sudan I, Sudan IV and Tetracycline Hydrochloride in Foods

Zhang, Min; et al, Nanomaterials, 2022, 12(23),

Sudan I Raw materials

• Nitrosobenzene
• Benzenediazonium,chloride (1:1)
•  
• Sodium 2-naphtholate
• naphthalen-2-ol

Sudan I Preparation Products

• Sudan I (842-07-9)
• Sudan IV (85-83-6)
• Tetracycline hydrochloride (64-75-5)
• Sudan III (85-86-9)

• 1. Emulsion technologies for multicellular tumour spheroid radiation assays?
  Kay S. McMillan,Anthony G. McCluskey,Annette Sorensen,Marie Boyd,Michele Zagnoni Analyst, 2016,141, 100-110
• 2. Establishing the accuracy of position-specific carbon isotope analysis of propane by GC-pyrolysis-GC-IRMS
  ChangjieLiu,PengLiu,XiaofengWang,XiaoqiangLi,JuskeHorita
• 3. Evolutionary approaches in protein engineering towards biomaterial construction
  Brindha J.,Balamurali M. M.,Kaushik Chanda RSC Adv., 2019,9, 34720-34734
• 4. Ester-directed orthogonal dual C–H activation and ortho aryl C–H alkenylation via distal weak coordination?
  Manickam Bakthadoss,Tadiparthi Thirupathi Reddy,Vishal Agarwal,Duddu S. Sharada Chem. Commun., 2022,58, 1406-1409
• 5. Evolved polymerases facilitate selection of fully 2′-OMe-modified aptamers?
  Zhixia Liu,Tingjian Chen,Floyd E. Romesberg Chem. Sci., 2017,8, 8179-8182

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Naphthalenes Naphthols and derivatives

Sudan I and Its Significance in Modern Chemical Research

Sudan I, with the chemical name 842-07-9, is a compound that has garnered significant attention in the field of chemical biology and pharmaceutical research. This organic compound, belonging to the class of azo dyes, exhibits unique structural and functional properties that make it a valuable tool in various scientific applications. The detailed exploration of Sudan I not only sheds light on its traditional uses but also highlights its emerging role in contemporary research, particularly in the study of cellular processes and disease mechanisms.

The molecular structure of Sudan I (CAS no. 842-07-9) consists of a biphenyl core substituted with an azo group and hydroxyl groups. This configuration imparts distinctive physicochemical properties, including solubility in organic solvents and a characteristic orange-red color. These attributes have historically made it useful in dyeing and staining applications. However, recent advancements in biochemical research have uncovered novel applications for this compound, particularly in the investigation of lipid metabolism and inflammation.

In recent years, studies have demonstrated that Sudan I can interact with cellular membranes, affecting lipid bilayer dynamics. This interaction has been a focal point in research aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of certain diseases. For instance, investigations suggest that Sudan I may modulate the activity of enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis and transport, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders.

The use of Sudan I as a research tool has also extended to its role as an indicator molecule in cellular assays. Researchers have leveraged its ability to bind to specific biological targets to develop high-throughput screening methods for drug discovery. By monitoring changes in fluorescence or absorbance upon binding, scientists can identify compounds that interact with the same targets as Sudan I, thereby accelerating the development of new pharmaceuticals.

Moreover, the structural analogs of Sudan I (CAS no. 842-07-9) have been explored for their potential bioactivity. Derivatives of this compound have shown promise in preclinical studies as modulators of immune responses. The azo group in its structure is particularly noteworthy, as it can undergo reduction to form stable free radicals, which may participate in redox signaling pathways within cells. This property has opened new avenues for investigating the role of oxidative stress in various pathological conditions.

The versatility of Sudan I is further highlighted by its application in imaging techniques. Due to its strong absorption characteristics, it can be used as a contrast agent in spectroscopic methods like Raman spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. These techniques allow researchers to visualize cellular components with high precision, aiding in the study of subcellular structures and dynamics.

In conclusion, the compound known as Sudan I (CAS no. 842-07-9) represents more than just a traditional dye; it is a multifaceted molecule with significant implications for modern chemical research. Its unique interactions with biological systems have made it an invaluable tool in studying lipid metabolism, inflammation, and cellular processes. As research continues to uncover new applications for this compound, its importance in advancing our understanding of biological mechanisms and developing innovative therapeutic strategies is undeniable.

• 90163-51-2(2-Naphthalenol, 1-[[4-[(4-aminophenyl)azo]-1-naphthalenyl]azo]-)
• 2653-64-7(2-Naphthalenol, 1-(1-naphthalenylazo)-)
• 4866-98-2(2-Naphthalenol, 1-[(2-hydroxyphenyl)azo]-)
• 2653-66-9(2-Naphthalenol,1-[2-(2-naphthalenyl)diazenyl]-)
• 36368-30-6(2-Anthracenol,1-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-)
• 132046-04-9(2,7-Naphthalenediol, 1-(phenylazo)-)
• 85-86-9(Sudan III)
• 14934-27-1(2-Naphthalenol,1-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]-)
• 115440-09-0(2,6-Naphthalenediol,1-(2-phenyldiazenyl)-)
• 752211-63-5(Sudan I-d)