Retrochalcones are a class of natural polyphenols derived from flavonoids, characterized by their unique retro-biphenyl structure. These compounds are widely found in various plants and have gained significant interest due to their potential health benefits. Structurally, retrochalcones consist of a 1,3-diketone group attached to a phenolic ring, which contributes to their distinctive properties. Retrochalcones exhibit diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Their antioxidant properties are attributed to the presence of multiple hydroxyl groups and conjugated double bonds, effectively scavenging free radicals. Anti-inflammatory activity is observed through their ability to modulate enzyme systems involved in inflammation pathways. In recent years, studies have shown that retrochalcones can play a role in disease prevention and management by influencing gene expression, cell signaling, and metabolism. Due to these promising attributes, they are being explored for use in dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, and natural product research.