Production Method 1

92-71-7

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Oxygen ,  Ozone Solvents: Dichloromethane

Reference

Convenient synthesis of mixed anhydrides by the ozonolysis of oxazoles

Kashima, Choji; Hibi, Shigeki; Harada, Kazuo; Omote, Yoshimori, Journal of the Chemical Society, 1988, (3), 529-33

Production Method 2

98-88-4

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

Reference

Usefulness of various solvents for the catalytic aldehyde synthesis from acid chlorides

Zetzsche, Fritz; Enderlin, Florian; Flutsch, Christian; Menzi, Ernest, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1926, 9, 177-81

Production Method 3

100-52-7

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: tert-Butyl hydroperoxide Catalysts: Potassate(1-), aqua(nitrato-κO,κO′)bis[(2-pyridinecarboxylato-κN1,κO2)cuprate]bi… Solvents: Acetonitrile ;  20 min, 80 °C

Reference

Catalytic C-H Bond Activation and Knoevenagel Condensation Using Pyridine-2,3-Dicarboxylate-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks

Pandey, Rampal ; Singh, Durgesh; Thakur, Neha; Raj, Krishna K., ACS Omega, 2021, 6(20), 13240-13259

Production Method 4

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Triethylamine ,  Triphenylphosphine ,  Iodine Solvents: Dichloromethane ;  0 °C → 25 °C; 5 min, 25 °C

Reference

Acid anhydrides and the unexpected N,N-diethylamides derived from the reaction of carboxylic acids with Ph3P/I2/Et3N

Phakhodee, Wong; Duangkamol, Chuthamat; Wangngae, Sirilak; Pattarawarapan, Mookda, Tetrahedron Letters, 2016, 57(3), 325-328

Production Method 5

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: 2,6-Lutidine ,  Carbon tetrabromide Catalysts: Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chloride Solvents: Dimethylformamide ;  12 h, 25 - 30 °C

Reference

Synthesis of symmetric anhydrides using visible light-mediated photoredox catalysis

Konieczynska, Marlena D.; Dai, Chunhui; Stephenson, Corey R. J., Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry, 2012, 10(23), 4509-4511

Production Method 6

65-85-0

100-52-7

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Catalysts: Trichloroisocyanuric acid Solvents: Dichloromethane ;  1 - 2 min, rt; rt → 0 °C
1.2 0 °C
1.3 Reagents: Triethylamine ;  0 °C; rt

Reference

Anhydrides from aldehydes or alcohols via oxidative cross-coupling

Gaspa, Silvia; Amura, Ida; Porcheddu, Andrea; De Luca, Lidia, New Journal of Chemistry, 2017, 41(3), 931-939

Production Method 7

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Triphenylphosphine ,  Iodine Solvents: Dichloromethane ;  5 min, 0 °C
1.2 Reagents: Triethylamine ;  5 min, 0 °C
1.3 Reagents: Benzylamine ;  0 °C → rt; 10 min, rt

Reference

Significance of reagent addition sequence in the amidation of carboxylic acids mediated by PPh3 and I2

Wangngae, Sirilak; Duangkamol, Chuthamat; Pattarawarapan, Mookda; Phakhodee, Wong, RSC Advances, 2015, 5(33), 25789-25793

Production Method 8

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Triphosgene Catalysts: Dimethylformamide Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran ;  2.5 h, 50 °C; 0.5 h, 50 °C

Reference

An efficient method for preparation of acyl chlorides and symmetrical anhydrides from carboxylic acids with BTC/DMF

Chen, Zhiwei; Jiang, Ling; Su, Weike; Xu, Zhijun, Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan, 2012, 34(4), 1003-1006

Production Method 9

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Pyridine ,  Methanesulfonyl chloride Solvents: Toluene ;  4 h, rt
1.2 Reagents: 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ,  1-(Carboxymethyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ;  30 min, rt

Reference

Carboxyl-functional ionic liquids as scavengers: case studies on benzyl chloride, amines, and methanesulfonyl chloride

Cai, Yueqin; Zhang, Ying; Peng, Yanqing; Lu, Feng; Huang, Xinglong; et al, Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry, 2006, 8(5), 636-638

Production Method 10

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Thionyl chloride ,  Pyridine, 4-ethenyl-, polymer with diethenylbenzene and 1-ethenyl-4-ethylbenzene Solvents: Dichloromethane

Reference

Phase-managed organic synthesis. 3. Symmetrical anhydrides from carboxylic acids via polymer-assisted reaction

Fife, Wilmer K.; Zhang, Zhi Dong, Tetrahedron Letters, 1986, 27(41), 4937-40

Production Method 11

79-31-2

98-88-4

93-97-0

97-72-3

19820-59-8

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Divinylbenzene-4-vinylpyridine copolymer Solvents: Dichloromethane

Reference

Phase-managed organic synthesis. 2. A new polymer-assisted synthesis of acid anhydrides

Fife, Wilmer K.; et al, Tetrahedron Letters, 1986, 27(41), 4933-6

Production Method 12

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate Catalysts: Magnesium chloride Solvents: Benzene ;  2 h, 100 °C

Reference

Direct Access to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones via Rh/MgCl2-Mediated Acylation of Vinylsilanes

Deng, Xue-Zu; Chen, Zi-Yan; Song, Yang; Xue, Fei; Yamane, Motoki; et al, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2021, 86(18), 12693-12704

Production Method 13

591-50-4

499-90-1

93-97-0

25569-77-1

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Solvents: Toluene ;  100 atm, rt; 2 h, 260 - 270 °C

Reference

Transition Metal Catalyst-Free and Radical Initiator-Free Carbonylation of Aryl Iodides

Fukuoka, Shinsuke, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2016, 55(17), 4830-4835

Production Method 14

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate Catalysts: Magnesium chloride Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran ;  1.5 h, rt

Reference

Reaction of dicarbonates with carboxylic acids catalyzed by weak lewis acids: general method for the synthesis of anhydrides and esters

Bartoli, Giuseppe; Bosco, Marcella; Carlone, Armando; Dalpozzo, Renato; Marcantoni, Enrico; et al, Synthesis, 2007, (22), 3489-3496

Production Method 15

98-88-4

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Potassium carbonate Catalysts: Benzyltriethylammonium chloride Solvents: Toluene ;  3 h, reflux

Reference

Reaction of chlorides of phosphoric, sulfonic, and carboxylic acids on solid potassium carbonate surface under PTC circumstances

Jaszay, Zsuzsa M.; Petnehazy, Imre; Toke, Laszlo, Heteroatom Chemistry, 2004, 15(6), 447-450

Production Method 16

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

Reference

Deoxygenation of amine N-oxides or C-nitroso compounds by dialkyl sulfoxylates

Kagami, Hiroaki; Motoki, Shinichi, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1978, 43(6), 1267-8

Production Method 17

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Triethylamine ,  Triphenylphosphine ,  Iodine Solvents: Dichloromethane ;  0 °C → rt; 20 min, rt

Reference

Ph3P-I2 mediated aryl esterification with a mechanistic insight

Phakhodee, Wong; Duangkamol, Chuthamat; Pattarawarapan, Mookda, Tetrahedron Letters, 2016, 57(19), 2087-2089

Production Method 18

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Thionyl chloride Catalysts: Dimethylformamide Solvents: Toluene ;  rt → 70 °C; 1 h, 70 °C
1.2 Reagents: Pyridine Solvents: Toluene ;  0 °C
1.3 20 °C; 2 h, reflux

Reference

Organocatalytic Desymmetrisation of Fittig's Lactones: Deuterium as a Reporter Tag for Hidden Racemisation

Spranitz, Peter; Soregi, Petra; Botlik, Bence Bela; Berta, Mate; Soos, Tibor, Synthesis, 2019, 51(5), 1263-1272

Production Method 19

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Di-tert-butyl dicarbonate Catalysts: Magnesium carbonate hydroxide Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran ;  25 °C; 24 h, 25 °C

Reference

Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydride by catalytic reaction of dihydrocarbyl dicarbonate and carboxylic acid, and preparation of carboxylic acid ester from the same and alcohol

, World Intellectual Property Organization, , ,

Production Method 20

65-85-0

98-88-4

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: Dabco ;  6 min, rt

Reference

An efficient and simple procedure for preparation of esters and anhydrides from acid chlorides in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) under solvent-free conditions

Hajipour, A. R.; Mazloumi, Gh., Synthetic Communications, 2002, 32(1), 23-30

Production Method 21

65-85-0

93-97-0

Reaction Conditions

1.1 Reagents: 1,1′-Oxalyldi(imidazole) Solvents: Acetonitrile
1.2 Reagents: Methanesulfonic acid Solvents: Acetonitrile

Reference

A convenient one-stage synthesis of carboxylic acid anhydrides using 1,1'-oxalyldiimidazole

Kitagawa, Tokujiro; Kuroda, Hiroko; Sasaki, Hideaki, Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1987, 35(3), 1262-5

Benzoic anhydride Raw materials

• 2,5-Diphenyloxazole
• Iodobenzene
• Sodium 4-fluorobenzoate
• Benzoic acid
• 2-Methylpropanoic acid
• Benzoyl chloride
• Benzaldehyde

Benzoic anhydride Preparation Products

• Isobutyric anhydride (97-72-3)
• 4-Fluorobenzoic Anhydride (25569-77-1)
• Benzoic acid 2-methyl-propanoyl ester (19820-59-8)
• Benzoic anhydride (93-97-0)

• 1. Alumina coating on 5 V lithium cobalt fluorophosphate cathode material for lithium secondary batteries – synthesis and electrochemical properties?
  S. Amaresh,K. Karthikeyan,K. J. Kim,Y. S. Lee RSC Adv., 2014,4, 23107-23115
• 2. An aqueous ammonia sensor based on an inkjet-printed polyaniline nanoparticle-modified electrode
  Karl Crowley,Eimer O'Malley,Aoife Morrin,Malcolm R. Smyth,Anthony J. Killard Analyst, 2008,133, 391-399
• 3. An intermolecular C–H oxidizing strategy to access highly fused carbazole skeletons from simple naphthylamines?
  Christian K. Rank,Alexander W. Jones,Tatjana Wall,Patrick Di Martino-Fumo,Sarah Schr?ck,Markus Gerhards,Frederic W. Patureau Chem. Commun., 2019,55, 13749-13752
• 4. An automatic determination of thoria in thoria-urania mixtures
  Analyst, 1966,91, 208-210
• 5. An assay for the enzyme N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase) based on electrochemical detection using screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs)
  R. M. Pemberton,J. P. Hart,T. T. Mottram Analyst, 2001,126, 1866-1871

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Benzene and substituted derivatives Benzyloxycarbonyls
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Acids/Esters

• 70750-03-7
• 55000-47-0(3,5-Dimethylbenzyl 3,5-dimethylbenzoate)
• 21436-44-2(3-Methylbenzoic anhydride)
• 13222-85-0(4-Methylbenzene-1-carboxylic anhydride)
• 208450-84-4(Diethyl 5-formylisophthalate)
• 34841-13-9(Ethyl 3-(hydroxymethyl)benzoate)
• 2819-08-1(benzoic acid, anhydride with acetic acid)
• 352431-26-6(Benzyl Benzoate-d12)
• 4891-67-2(3-oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nona-1(9),5,7-triene-2,4-dione)
• 347840-01-1(Benzyl-2,3,4,5,6-d5 Benzoate)