Cas no 92-13-7 (Pilocarpine)

Pilocarpine is a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from the leaves of Pilocarpus plants, primarily used in ophthalmology and pharmacology. As a cholinergic agonist, it selectively stimulates muscarinic receptors, inducing miosis and reducing intraocular pressure, making it a cornerstone in glaucoma treatment. Its parasympathomimetic properties also promote salivary secretion, benefiting patients with xerostomia. Pilocarpine exhibits rapid onset and predictable pharmacokinetics, ensuring reliable therapeutic effects. Available in ophthalmic solutions, gels, and oral formulations, it offers versatility in clinical applications. Its well-characterized mechanism of action and established safety profile underscore its utility in both acute and chronic conditions.
Pilocarpine structure
Pilocarpine structure
Product Name:Pilocarpine
CAS No:92-13-7
MF:C11H16N2O2
MW:208.256942749023
MDL:MFCD00153042
CID:34631
PubChem ID:5910
Update Time:2025-11-07

Pilocarpine Chemical and Physical Properties

Names and Identifiers

    • (3S,4R)-3-Ethyl-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    • Pilocarpine
    • Pilocarpin Hcl
    • PILOCARPINE(RG)
    • actone
    • Ocucarpine
    • Ocusert
    • ocusertp20
    • Pilocarpin
    • Pilocarpol
    • Pilokarpin
    • pilokarpol
    • Syncarpine
    • Salagen
    • (+)-Pilocarpine
    • Isoptocarpine
    • Ocusert pilo
    • Ocusert P 20
    • Pilocarpine chloride
    • (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    • Pilocarpine monohydrochloride
    • 01MI4Q9DI3
    • QCHFTSOMWOSFHM-WPRPVWTQSA-N
    • (3S-cis)-3-Et
    • (3S,4R)-3-Ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-furanone (ACI)
    • 2(3H)-Furanone, 3-ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-, (3S-cis)- (ZCI)
    • Pilocarpine (8CI)
    • MeSH ID: D010862
    • Ocusert Pilo 40
    • Pilocarpine, (+)-
    • Spersacarpine
    • DTXSID1021162
    • NCGC00023339-09
    • NCGC00023339-03
    • PILOCARPINUM [HPUS]
    • NCGC00023339-12
    • NCGC00023339-08
    • Lopac0_000960
    • CHEBI:39462
    • Lopac0_000950
    • NCGC00023339-16
    • AKOS016010311
    • NCGC00023339-11
    • SDCCGMLS-0003164.P005
    • KBioSS_001587
    • pilocarpine, Cytokine
    • IDI1_000358
    • CAS-92-13-7
    • UNII-01MI4Q9DI3
    • Imidazole-5-butyric acid, alpha-ethyl-beta-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-, gamma-lactone
    • (3S,4R)-3-Ethyl-4-(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    • HMS2089K17
    • Tox21_110887_1
    • 92-13-7
    • D00525
    • 92-13-7 (FREE BASE)
    • (3S-cis)-3-ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-2(3H)-furanone
    • PILOCARPINE [ORANGE BOOK]
    • GTPL305
    • BRD-K85090592-008-05-2
    • (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
    • PILOCARPINE [HSDB]
    • CCG-205031
    • PILOCARPINE [JAN]
    • (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]oxolan-2-one
    • AI3-50523
    • KBio2_001587
    • Prestwick0_000449
    • 2(3H)-Furanone, 3-ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-, (3S-cis)-
    • KBio3_001691
    • Ocusert pilo-20
    • NCGC00023339-28
    • NINDS_000358
    • Pilocarpine 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile
    • AB00053525_29
    • BDBM50008072
    • Spectrum_001107
    • NCGC00023339-27
    • MFCD00153042
    • BPBio1_000548
    • Pilocarpina
    • PILOCARPINE [WHO-DD]
    • BSPBio_000498
    • DB01085
    • NCGC00023339-10
    • AB00053525-27
    • Pilocarpine nitrate salt
    • SBI-0050924.P004
    • NCI60_004403
    • BRD-K85090592-008-15-1
    • rel-(3R,4S)-3-ethyl-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    • HY-B0726A
    • EINECS 202-128-4
    • EN300-19632236
    • NCGC00023339-14
    • NCGC00023339-06
    • Pilocarpine (JAN/USP)
    • Prestwick1_000449
    • Pilocarpine (USP:BAN:JAN)
    • PILOCARPINE [USP MONOGRAPH]
    • Ocusert Pilo-40
    • PILOCARPINE (MART.)
    • KBio1_000358
    • (3S-CIS)-3-ETHYLDIHYDRO-4-
    • KBio2_006723
    • 102282-25-7
    • BS-18966
    • Prestwick2_000449
    • 3-Ethyl-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one
    • Prestwick3_000449
    • BIDD:GT0217
    • SPBio_001287
    • Spectrum5_001379
    • DTXCID901162
    • BSPBio_002191
    • Tocris-0694
    • (3S,4R)-3-ethyl-4-[(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methyl]tetrahydrofuran-2-one
    • 1ST40310
    • PILOCARPINE [VANDF]
    • Tox21_110887
    • SCHEMBL15146
    • CHEBI:8207
    • Ocucarpine; Ocusert P 20; Ocusert Pilo
    • CS-0013746
    • SPBio_002437
    • 2(3H)-Furanone, 3-ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-, (3S,4R)-
    • SDCCGSBI-0050924.P006
    • PILOCARPINE (USP-RS)
    • Q411461
    • (3S-cis)-3-Ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2(3H)-furanone
    • NS00007560
    • KBio2_004155
    • NCGC00023339-07
    • PILOCARPINE [MART.]
    • HSDB 3163
    • NCGC00023339-13
    • E87145
    • AB00053525_28
    • Pilocarpine [USP:BAN:JAN]
    • (3S,4R)-3-ethyldihydro-4-((1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl)-2(3H)-furanone
    • 2(3H)-Furanone, 3-ethyldihydro-4-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl]-, (3S,4R)-
    • SR-01000075339-11
    • C07474
    • PILOCARPINE (USP MONOGRAPH)
    • PILOCARPINE [USP-RS]
    • PILOCARPINE [MI]
    • KBioGR_000956
    • Spectrum2_001284
    • Pilocarpinum
    • DivK1c_000358
    • Ocusert pilo-20 (TN)
    • Spectrum4_000478
    • Spectrum3_000546
    • CHEMBL550
    • BRD-K85090592-003-18-6
    • BRD-K85090592-003-19-4
    • BRD-K85090592-008-22-7
    • GLXC-20879
    • DA-76884
    • MDL： MFCD00153042
    • Inchi： 1S/C11H16N2O2/c1-3-10-8(6-15-11(10)14)4-9-5-12-7-13(9)2/h5,7-8,10H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3/t8-,10-/m0/s1
    • InChI Key： QCHFTSOMWOSFHM-WPRPVWTQSA-N
    • SMILES： C(C1=CN=CN1C)[C@H]1COC(=O)[C@H]1CC

Computed Properties

  • Exact Mass: 208.12100
  • Monoisotopic Mass: 208.121
  • Isotope Atom Count: 0
  • Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
  • Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 3
  • Heavy Atom Count: 15
  • Rotatable Bond Count: 3
  • Complexity: 245
  • Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1
  • Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 2
  • Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count : 0
  • Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
  • Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
  • XLogP3: 1.1
  • Topological Polar Surface Area: 44.1

Experimental Properties

  • Density: 1.1123 (rough estimate)
  • Melting Point: 34°
  • Boiling Point: bp5 260° (partial conversion to isopilocarpine)
  • Flash Point: 215 °C
  • Refractive Index: 1.5000 (estimate)
  • PSA: 44.12000
  • LogP: 1.16180
  • pka: 6.87(at 30℃)
  • Specific Rotation: D18 +106° (c = 2)

Pilocarpine Security Information

  • Signal Word：Danger
  • Hazard Statement： H300+H330
  • Warning Statement： P260-P264-P284-P301+P310-P310
  • Hazardous Material transportation number：UN 1544
  • Hazard Category Code： 26/28
  • Safety Instruction： S25; S45
  • Hazardous Material Identification： T+
  • HazardClass：6.1
  • PackingGroup：Ⅲ
  • Safety Term：6.1(b)
  • Packing Group：III
  • Risk Phrases：R26/28

Pilocarpine Pricemore >>

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Pilocarpine Production Method

Production Method 1

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Ethyl bromozincacetate
Fuerstner, Alois, e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2001, 1, 1-7

Production Method 2

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Ethyl Bromozincacetate
Fuerstner, Alois, e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2001, ,

Production Method 3

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Asymmetric Multifunctional Modular Organocatalysis: One-Pot Direct Strategy to Enantiopure α,β-Disubstituted γ-Butyrolactones
Mahto, Pratibha; Rana, Nirmal K.; Shukla, Khyati; Das, Braja G.; Joshi, Harshit; et al, Organic Letters, 2019, 21(15), 5962-5966

Production Method 4

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Compositions and methods for the treatment of eye disorders
, World Intellectual Property Organization, , ,

Production Method 5

Reaction Conditions
Reference
An effective chirospecific synthesis of (+)-pilocarpine from L-aspartic acid
Dener, Jeffrey M.; Zhang, Lin Hua; Rapoport, Henry, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1993, 58(5), 1159-66

Production Method 6

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Preparation of pilocarpines and intermediates
, World Intellectual Property Organization, , ,

Production Method 7

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Lipophilicity, aqueous solubility, stability and enzymic hydrolysis of various O,O'-dicarboxylate (dibenzyl) bispilocarpates as possible prodrugs of pilocarpine for ophthalmic administration
Jarvinen, T.; Suhonen, P.; Launonen, M.; Peura, P.; Urtti, A., S.T.P. Pharma Sciences, 1992, 2(1), 53-60

Production Method 8

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Preparation of pilocarpine and analogs
, European Patent Organization, , ,

Production Method 9

Reaction Conditions
1.1 Reagents: Potassium carbonate Solvents: Benzene ,  Dichloromethane
1.2 Reagents: Triethylamine Solvents: Benzene ,  Dichloromethane
Reference
A synthesis of pilocarpine
Horne, David A.; Fugmann, Burkhard; Yakushijin, Kenichi; Buchi, George, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1993, 58(1), 62-4

Production Method 10

Reaction Conditions
1.1 Reagents: Potassium carbonate Solvents: Benzene ,  Dichloromethane ;  rt; 3 h, rt
1.2 Reagents: Triethylamine ;  7 d, 25 °C
Reference
A chemoenzymatic approach to (+)-pilocarpine
Csuk, Rene; Woeste, Barbara, Tetrahedron, 2008, 64(40), 9384-9387

Production Method 11

Reaction Conditions
1.1 Reagents: Potassium carbonate Solvents: Benzene ,  Dichloromethane ;  3 h, 23 °C
1.2 Reagents: Triethylamine ;  1 w, 23 °C
Reference
Concise synthesis of both enantiomers of pilocarpine
Schmidt, Theresa; Heise, Niels ; Merzweiler, Kurt; Deigner, Hans-Peter; Al-Harrasi, Ahmed ; et al, Molecules, 2021, 26(12),

Production Method 12

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Carboxylic acid esters: product subclass 4: alkanedioic acid esters
Masse, C. E., Science of Synthesis, 2006, 20, 987-1046

Production Method 13

Reaction Conditions
1.1 Reagents: Lithium diisopropylamide Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran
1.2 Reagents: 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Solvents: Tetrahydrofuran
Reference
Chirospecific synthesis of (+)-pilocarpine
Compagnone, Reinaldo S.; Rapoport, Henry, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1986, 51(10), 1713-19

Production Method 14

Reaction Conditions
Reference
A Highly Reusable Rhodium Catalyst-Organic Framework for the Intramolecular Cycloisomerization of 1,6-Enynes
Corkum, Elizabeth G.; Hass, Michael J.; Sullivan, Andrew D.; Bergens, Steven H., Organic Letters, 2011, 13(13), 3522-3525

Production Method 15

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Synthesis of Chiral Pilocarpine Analogues via a C-8 Ketone Intermediate
Holden, Kenneth G.; Mattson, Matthew N.; Cha, Kyung Hoi; Rapoport, Henry, Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002, 67(17), 5913-5918

Production Method 16

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Highly Enantioselective Syntheses of Functionalized α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactones via Rh(I)-catalyzed Intramolecular Alder Ene Reaction: Application to Formal Synthesis of (+)-Pilocarpine
Lei, Aiwen; He, Minsheng; Zhang, Xumu, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002, 124(28), 8198-8199

Production Method 17

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Palladium-catalyzed intramolecular alkyne-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl coupling. A formal synthesis of (+)-pilocarpine
Wang, Zhong; Lu, Xiyan, Tetrahedron Letters, 1997, 38(29), 5213-5216

Production Method 18

Reaction Conditions
Reference
A new type of redox initiator-drug/peroxide initiator
Li, Yaolan; Liao, Deqing; Wu, Qiuren; Feng, Xinde, Jinan Daxue Xuebao, 1991, 12(3), 66-71

Production Method 19

Reaction Conditions
Reference
γ-Butyrolactone natural products via tributyltin-hydride-mediated radical cyclizations
Belletire, John L.; Mahmoodi, Nosrat O., Journal of Natural Products, 1992, 55(2), 194-206

Production Method 20

Reaction Conditions
Reference
Cholinergic activity of fluorinated quaternary pilocarpine derivatives
Aboul-Enein, Hassan Y.; Al-Badr, A. A.; Rashed, M. S.; Ismail, M., Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, 1986, 11(3), 183-90

Pilocarpine Raw materials

Pilocarpine Preparation Products

Pilocarpine Suppliers

Tiancheng Chemical (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd
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(CAS:92-13-7)Pilocarpine
Order Number:LE15742;LE1709032
Stock Status:in Stock
Quantity:25KG,200KG,1000KG
Purity:99%
Pricing Information Last Updated:Friday, 20 June 2025 12:13
Price ($):discuss personally

Pilocarpine Related Literature

Related Categories

Additional information on Pilocarpine

Pilocarpine: A Comprehensive Overview

Pilocarpine, with the CAS number 92-13-7, is a naturally occurring alkaloid that has been extensively studied for its pharmacological properties. Derived from the South American plant *Pilocarpus jaborandi*, this compound has garnered significant attention in the fields of ophthalmology, neurology, and dermatology. Recent advancements in research have further elucidated its mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications, making it a subject of considerable interest in both academic and clinical settings.

The chemical structure of Pilocarpine is characterized by a bicyclic framework with a quaternary ammonium group, which contributes to its ability to interact with muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. This interaction underpins its role as a muscarinic receptor agonist, a property that has been leveraged in various therapeutic contexts. Recent studies have explored the molecular dynamics of Pilocarpine binding to these receptors, providing deeper insights into its efficacy and selectivity.

One of the most well-established uses of Pilocarpine is in ophthalmology, where it is employed as an miotic agent to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma. The compound achieves this by stimulating the contraction of the ciliary muscle, which enhances aqueous humor outflow. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that Pilocarpine-based therapies can be optimized through formulation innovations, such as sustained-release delivery systems, to improve patient compliance and treatment outcomes.

Beyond its ophthalmic applications, Pilocarpine has shown promise in neurology, particularly in the management of conditions associated with cholinergic deficits. For instance, research has highlighted its potential as a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease, where it may help mitigate cognitive decline by enhancing acetylcholine signaling. Emerging studies are also investigating the use of Pilocarpine in treating other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, although further clinical validation is required.

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the dermatological applications of Pilocarpine. Preclinical studies suggest that it may possess anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, making it a potential candidate for treating conditions such as acne and scars. Additionally, its ability to modulate sweat gland activity has led to explorations in its use for managing hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating). These findings underscore the versatility of Pilocarpine across diverse medical domains.

From a research perspective, advancements in computational chemistry and pharmacogenomics have provided new avenues for understanding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Pilocarpine. For example, molecular docking studies have revealed critical residues on muscarinic receptors that are essential for Pilocarpine binding. This knowledge could facilitate the development of more potent and selective analogs with reduced side effects.

Moreover, recent regulatory updates have emphasized the importance of safety profiling for drugs like Pilocarpine, particularly concerning long-term use. While generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses, excessive stimulation of muscarinic receptors can lead to systemic side effects such as salivation and sweating. Ongoing research is focused on optimizing dosing regimens and identifying patient populations that are most likely to benefit from Pilocarpine therapy.

In conclusion, Pilocarpine (CAS No: 92-13-7) remains a cornerstone compound in medical therapeutics due to its unique pharmacological profile and versatility across multiple therapeutic areas. As research continues to uncover new mechanisms and applications for this compound, it is poised to play an even greater role in addressing unmet medical needs in ophthalmology, neurology, and dermatology.

92-13-7 (Pilocarpine) Related Products

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Tiancheng Chemical (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd
(CAS:92-13-7)Pilocarpine
LE15742;LE1709032
Purity:99%/99%
Quantity:25KG,200KG,1000KG/25KG,200KG,1000KG
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