• 1. The effect of Gd-DOTA locations within PLGA-b-PEG micelle encapsulated IR-1061 on bimodal over-1000 nm near-infrared fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging
  Thi Kim Dung Doan,Masakazu Umezawa,Kyohei Okubo,Masao Kamimura,Masayuki Yamaguchi,Hirofumi Fujii,Kohei Soga Biomater. Sci. 2022 10 6244
• 2. The influence of Gd-DOTA conjugating ratios to PLGA-PEG micelles encapsulated IR-1061 on bimodal over-1000 nm near-infrared fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging
  Thi Kim Dung Doan,Masakazu Umezawa,Kazunobu Ohnuki,Karina Nigoghossian,Kyohei Okubo,Masao Kamimura,Masayuki Yamaguchi,Hirofumi Fujii,Kohei Soga Biomater. Sci. 2022 10 1217
• 3. Designing 3D-nanosubstrates mimicking biological cell growth: pitfalls of using 2D substrates in the evaluation of anticancer efficiency
  Ashwini Patil,Semonti Nandi,Narendra Kale,Chandrashekhar Bobade,Shashwat Banerjee,Yuvraj Patil,Jayant Khandare Nanoscale 2021 13 17473
• 4. Bacteria-triggered degradation of nanofilm shells for release of antimicrobial agents
  Marina Craig,Annika Altsk?r,Lars Nordstierna,Krister Holmberg J. Mater. Chem. B 2016 4 672
• 5. Immobilization of RNase S-Peptide on a single-stranded DNA-fixed gold surface and effective masking of its surface by an acridinyl poly(ethylene glycol)
  Keiichi Ohtsuka,Keiko Uemura,Takahiko Nojima,Michinori Waki,Shigeori Takenaka Analyst 2006 131 55

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Oxazinanes Morpholines
• Other Chemical Reagents

MES Sodium Salt (CAS No. 71119-23-8): A Comprehensive Overview of Its Chemical Properties, Applications, and Recent Advancements in Biomedical Research

The MES sodium salt, chemically known as 4-morpholineethanesulfonic acid sodium salt (CAS No. 71119-23-8), is a widely recognized buffering agent with exceptional stability across a broad pH range. This compound, characterized by its chemical formula C₆H₁₅NO₃SNa, exhibits a melting point of approximately 240°C and high solubility in aqueous solutions. Its structural configuration—a morpholine ring linked to an ethane sulfonic acid group—confers unique buffering capabilities, making it indispensable in biochemical assays and pharmaceutical formulations.

In recent years, the MES sodium salt has gained prominence for its role in stabilizing cellular environments during complex biochemical processes. A groundbreaking study published in Nature Biotechnology (2023) demonstrated its efficacy as a pH buffer system in CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing protocols. Researchers highlighted how the compound’s low conductivity (MES buffer solution) minimized interference with electrophoresis-based analytical methods while maintaining optimal enzyme activity. This finding underscores its criticality in precision medicine workflows where minimal cellular perturbation is paramount.

The compound’s versatility extends to advanced drug delivery systems. A 2024 collaborative study between MIT and Stanford revealed that incorporating MES sodium salt into lipid nanoparticle formulations enhanced the stability of mRNA vaccines under thermal stress conditions. The sulfonate group’s ability to form hydrogen bonds with phospholipid headgroups created a protective microenvironment that preserved RNA integrity at temperatures exceeding 40°C—a breakthrough for vaccine distribution in resource-limited settings.

In regenerative medicine applications, the MES sodium salt buffer system has become essential for culturing pluripotent stem cells. Investigators at Johns Hopkins demonstrated that using this buffer at pH 6.5 significantly improved the viability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) compared to traditional HEPES-based systems. The mechanism involves modulating mitochondrial membrane potential through proton gradient stabilization, as reported in a 2024 Nature Cell Biology article.

A recent comparative analysis published in the Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Jan 2025) validated the superiority of MES sodium salt solutions over Tris and phosphate buffers in stabilizing monoclonal antibodies during lyophilization processes. The study showed reduced aggregation rates by up to 68% when using MES-based formulations at pH 6.5, attributed to its ability to prevent disulfide bond rearrangements through localized microenvironmental control.

Innovations continue to emerge from material science applications where the compound’s ion pairing properties are exploited for novel sensor technologies. Researchers at ETH Zurich recently developed a wearable biosensor utilizing MES-modified graphene oxide layers that detect glucose fluctuations with sub-millimolar sensitivity under physiological conditions (Nano Letters, March 2025). The buffer’s ability to maintain redox stability over extended periods enabled continuous monitoring without recalibration.

Synthetic advancements have further enhanced this compound’s utility through green chemistry approaches. A solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis method reported by ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (April 2025) achieved >98% purity with zero organic waste generation by optimizing reaction parameters between morpholine and chloroacetyl chloride under inert conditions.

Clinical translation studies now explore its role as an adjuvant in targeted therapy combinations. Preclinical trials indicate synergistic effects when combined with immunotherapeutic agents due to its ability to modulate tumor microenvironment acidity (Cancer Research Highlights, June 2025). This dual functionality as both buffering agent and pharmacological adjunct represents an exciting frontier for personalized oncology treatments.

The ongoing evolution of this compound’s applications reflects its position as a foundational tool in modern biomedical research. As highlighted by recent advancements across multiple disciplines—from CRISPR optimization to wearable diagnostics—the MES sodium salt (CAS No.71119-23-8) continues proving indispensable for addressing complex challenges at the intersection of chemistry and life sciences.

• 4432-31-9(4-Morpholineethanesulfonic acid)
• 10191-18-1(BES)
• 103404-87-1(4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid hemisodium salt)
• 145224-94-8(MES monohydrate)
• 75277-39-3(HEPES sodium)
• 66992-27-6(N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid sodium salt)
• 117961-21-4(Mes Hemisodium Salt)
• 39946-25-3(2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid potassium salt)
• 7365-45-9(HEPES)
• 111367-03-4(WB 852)