• 1. Distribution characteristics of nitrogen and the related microbial community in the surface sediments of the Songhua River?
  Congyu Li,Wenfu Wang,Haiyan Wang,Guokai Yan,Weiyang Dong,Zhaosheng Chu,Huan Wang,Yang Chang RSC Adv., 2021,11, 26721-26731
• 2. Evidence that the availability of an allylic hydrogen governs the regioselectivity of the Wacker oxidation
  Matthew J. Gaunt,Jinquan Yu,Jonathan B. Spencer Chem. Commun., 2001, 1844-1845
• 3. Fe3O4@PANI: a magnetic polyaniline nanomaterial for highly efficient and handy enrichment of intact N-glycopeptides??
  Zhizhen Lai,Mo Zhang,Jinyu Zhou,Tianjing Chen,Dan Li,Xuejing Shen,Jia Liu,Jiang Zhou,Zhili Li Analyst, 2021,146, 4261-4267
• 4. Exceptionally high temperature spin crossover in amide-functionalised 2,6-bis(pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine iron(ii) complex revealed by variable temperature Raman spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction?
  Max Attwood,Hiroki Akutsu,Lee Martin,Toby J. Blundell,Pierre Le Maguere,Scott S. Turner Dalton Trans., 2021,50, 11843-11851
• 5. Fate of nitrogen-15 in the subsequent growing season of greenhouse tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) as influenced by alternate partial root-zone irrigation
  Maomao Hou,Fenglin Zhong,Qiu Jin,Enjiang Liu,Jie Feng,Tengyun Wang,Yue Gao RSC Adv., 2017,7, 34392-34400

Professional Introduction to (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate (CAS No. 6078-56-4)

CAS No. 6078-56-4, identified chemically as (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate, represents a compound of significant interest in the field of pharmacology and biochemical research. This compound, a hemisulfate salt form of isoproterenol, is widely recognized for its role as a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor agonist. Its molecular structure and pharmacological properties have been extensively studied, making it a valuable tool in both clinical and experimental settings.

The chemical name (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate underscores its stereochemical configuration and salt form, which are critical factors influencing its biological activity. Isoproterenol itself is an isomer of epinephrine (adrenaline), differing primarily in the configuration at the 3-hydroxyl group. The hemisulfate form enhances solubility and stability, making it more suitable for pharmaceutical formulations and laboratory applications.

In recent years, research involving (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate has expanded into several key areas, particularly in understanding cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. Its non-selective activation of β-adrenergic receptors (β?, β?, and β?) makes it a potent stimulator of heart rate, force of contraction, and bronchodilation. These effects have been leveraged in the study of conditions such as hypertension, asthma, and heart failure.

One of the most compelling aspects of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate is its utility in investigating the mechanisms of β-adrenergic receptor signaling. Studies have demonstrated its ability to modulate downstream signaling pathways, including cyclic AMP (cAMP) production and phosphorylation cascades. These insights are crucial for developing targeted therapies that can selectively modulate specific aspects of adrenergic signaling without unintended side effects.

Advances in molecular biology and genetics have further highlighted the importance of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate in research. For instance, its use in knockout models has provided critical insights into the role of β-adrenergic receptors in disease states. Additionally, its application in high-throughput screening assays has accelerated the discovery of novel drugs targeting adrenergic pathways.

The compound’s pharmacokinetic profile has also been a subject of interest. Research indicates that (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate exhibits rapid absorption following oral or intravenous administration, with a relatively short half-life. This characteristic makes it suitable for acute therapeutic interventions but less ideal for long-term management unless modified formulations are developed.

In clinical settings, while direct use of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate is limited due to its non-selectivity and potential for adverse effects such as tachycardia and hypotension, it remains an essential reference compound for understanding adrenergic receptor function. Its role in developing selective β?-adrenergic agonists, which are used in asthma treatment, is particularly noteworthy.

Recent studies have also explored the potential applications of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate in neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement. Emerging evidence suggests that adrenergic signaling plays a role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation. By modulating these pathways, compounds like (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate may offer therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

The synthesis and purification of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate have been refined over time to ensure high purity and consistency for research purposes. Advanced synthetic methodologies now allow for scalable production while maintaining stringent quality control measures. This ensures that researchers worldwide can rely on this compound for their experiments without concerns regarding impurities or variability.

Regulatory considerations also play a significant role in the use of (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate. As with all pharmacologically active compounds, adherence to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) is essential to ensure safety and efficacy. Regulatory bodies such as the FDA and EMA provide guidelines for handling, storage, and documentation to minimize risks associated with its use.

The future directions for research involving (–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate are promising. Innovations in drug delivery systems may enhance its therapeutic potential by improving bioavailability or targeting specific tissues. Additionally, combination therapies involving adrenergic agonists may offer synergistic benefits in treating complex diseases.

In summary,(–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate (CAS No. 6078-56-4) remains a cornerstone compound in pharmacological research due to its well-characterized effects on β-adrenergic receptors. Its applications span from basic mechanistic studies to potential therapeutic interventions across multiple disease areas. As research continues to uncover new insights into adrenergic signaling pathways,(–)-Isoproterenol Hemisulfate will undoubtedly continue to play a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of human physiology and disease treatment.

• 299-95-6(Isoprenaline sulphate)
• 23031-32-5(Terbutaline sulfate)
• 5874-97-5(Metaproterenol hemisulfate)
• 6700-39-6(Isoprenaline sulfate)
• 32266-10-7(HEXOPRENALINE SULFATE)
• 2098070-20-1(2-(3-(Pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetimidamide)
• 2680771-01-9(4-cyclopentyl-3-{(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)carbonylamino}butanoic acid)
• 1444113-98-7(N-(3-cyanothiolan-3-yl)-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-4-carboxamide)
• 332062-08-5(Fmoc-S-3-amino-4,4-diphenyl-butyric acid)
• 1270529-38-8(1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahydro-[2,3]bipyridinyl-6-ol)