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Metal-ligated induced structural interconversion between Pd23(CO)20(PEt3)10 and Pd23(CO)20(PEt3)8 possessing highly dissimilar Pd23 core-geometries

Dalton Transactions Pub Date: 2003-03-19 DOI: 10.1039/B301872P

Abstract

A ³¹P{¹H} NMR study has conclusively established that Pd₂₃(CO)₂₀(PEt₃)₁₀ (1) and Pd₂₃(CO)₂₀(PEt₃)₈ (2), which differ by only two phosphine ligands, can be chemically induced in solution to interconvert reversibly into each other despite their having highly different metal-core geometries: viz., a centered hexacapped cuboctahedral Pd₁₉ kernel (pseudo-O_h) with four wingtip Pd atoms in 1 versus a highly deformed centered hexacapped cubic Pd₁₅ kernel (pseudo-D_2d) with eight capping Pd atoms in 2. A structural diagram is given that shows a plausible hypothetical pathway for the geometrical transformation of 1 into 2 (or 2 into 1) upon removal (or addition) of the two phosphine ligands. Although there is no experimental evidence indicating whether these chemically induced conversions are intermolecular or intramolecular, the proposed intramolecular interconversion emphasizes the major structural differences that exist between 1 and 2. Complete interconversions of 2 into 1 (and 1 into 2) were accomplished by ³¹P{¹H} NMR-monitored reactions carried out within NMR tubes. Addition of “free” PEt₃ to 2 rapidly converts it into 1; if an excess of PEt₃ is added, product 1 slowly transforms into the icosahedral-based Pd₁₆(CO)₁₃(PEt₃)₉ (3). Addition of O₂ (air) to 1 converts it into 2 and the phosphine oxide byproduct (Et₃PO), but the rate of this reverse chemical reaction is not nearly as fast; an excess of O₂ (air) also slowly converts 3, if present in the reaction mixture, into 2; the relatively slow rates of reactions involving 3 are attributed to the icosahedral-based Pd₁₆ nuclearity in 3 being unlike the identical Pd₂₃ nuclearities in 1 and 2. In contrast to the chemically induced interconversion reactions between 1 and 2, both the reaction of 1 with excess PEt₃ to form 3 and the reaction of 3 to form 2 are not quantitative. These facile interconversions provide a striking illustration concerning the abnormal capacity of ligated palladium clusters to undergo major changes in metal-core geometries upon addition/removal of ligands. This exceptional behavior may be readily attributed to the markedly weaker M–M and M–CO bonding interactions in palladium carbonyl clusters compared to those in nickel and platinum carbonyl clusters.