Unsaturated fatty acids are a class of lipids characterized by the presence of one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains, which significantly influences their chemical and physical properties. These acids are essential for human health as they play crucial roles in numerous physiological processes. They are widely found in natural sources such as plant oils (e.g., olive oil, sunflower oil) and animal fats. Unsaturated fatty acids can be further classified into monounsaturated and polyunsaturated types based on the number of double bonds. Common examples include oleic acid (mono-unsaturated), linoleic acid (poly-unsaturated), and alpha-linolenic acid (poly-unsaturated). Due to their ability to improve cholesterol levels, reduce inflammation, and enhance brain function, these fatty acids are often used in the formulation of dietary supplements, food additives, and pharmaceutical products.