Isocoumarin derivatives, commonly known as isoflavonones, are a class of flavonoids widely found in legumes and soy products. These compounds exhibit diverse biological activities including antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and potential anticancer activity. Structurally, they possess a 4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone skeleton with an additional hydroxyl group at the isoprenylated C-8 position. Isoflavanones play significant roles in plant defense mechanisms against pathogens and are increasingly recognized for their health benefits. Their presence in various food sources makes them important components of dietary antioxidants. Research into isoflavonones continues to uncover new applications, particularly in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disorders and osteoporosis.