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• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids, peptides, and analogues Amino acids and derivatives
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Acids/Esters

Carbocysteine (CAS No. 638-23-3): A Comprehensive Overview of Its Applications and Recent Research Findings

Carbocysteine, with the chemical name N-acetylcysteine (NAC), is a derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is widely recognized for its significant role in various therapeutic applications, particularly in the fields of respiratory medicine and liver protection. The compound is characterized by its unique chemical structure, which includes an acetylated thiol group, making it highly reactive and versatile in biological systems. This introduction delves into the multifaceted applications of Carbocysteine, emphasizing its pharmacological effects, recent advancements in research, and its potential future roles in medicine.

The primary therapeutic use of Carbocysteine is in the management of respiratory conditions. It functions as an expectorant, facilitating the clearance of mucus from the airways. This property is particularly beneficial in treating chronic bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, and other pulmonary disorders where mucus accumulation poses a significant challenge. The mechanism behind this action involves the breaking down of disulfide bonds in mucoproteins, thereby reducing mucus viscosity and enhancing its elimination from the respiratory tract.

In addition to its respiratory benefits, Carbocysteine has shown considerable promise in liver protection. It is widely used as an antidote in cases of acetaminophen (paracetamol) overdose, a common cause of acute liver failure. The protective effect of Carbocysteine is attributed to its ability to replenish glutathione levels in the liver. Glutathione is a crucial antioxidant that plays a vital role in detoxifying harmful substances. By replenishing this essential antioxidant, Carbocysteine helps mitigate liver damage caused by toxic exposure.

The pharmacological profile of Carbocysteine extends beyond its well-documented applications. Recent studies have explored its potential role in combating oxidative stress and inflammation. Oxidative stress is a hallmark of numerous pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The thiol group in Carbocysteine makes it an effective scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing oxidative damage to cellular components. This antioxidant property has prompted researchers to investigate its potential as a therapeutic agent in neuroprotective strategies.

Inflammation is another key area where Carbocysteine has demonstrated significant activity. Chronic inflammation is implicated in various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, arthritis, and certain types of cancer. Studies have shown that Carbocysteine can modulate inflammatory pathways by inhibiting key enzymes such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX). These enzymes are pivotal in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators like prostaglandins and leukotrienes. By suppressing their activity, Carbocysteine helps attenuate inflammatory responses and potentially ameliorate associated symptoms.

The versatility of Carbocysteine is further highlighted by its application in wound healing and skin care. Its ability to promote collagen synthesis and reduce oxidative stress makes it an attractive candidate for accelerating tissue repair processes. Clinical trials have demonstrated that topical application of formulations containing Carbocysteine can enhance wound closure rates and improve skin integrity in patients with chronic wounds or burns.

The growing body of research on Carbocysteine also includes investigations into its potential anticancer properties. Preliminary studies suggest that it may inhibit tumor growth by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. This selective toxicity is attributed to the ability of Carbocysteine to disrupt redox balance within cancer cells, leading to their demise. While further research is needed to validate these findings, they open up exciting avenues for developing novel anticancer therapies.

The safety profile of Carbocysteine has been well-established through extensive clinical use. Common side effects include mild gastrointestinal discomfort such as nausea or diarrhea, which are typically transient and manageable. Given its favorable safety profile, it has been approved for use in various countries worldwide under different brand names.

The future direction of research on Carbocysteine is likely to focus on optimizing its delivery systems to enhance bioavailability and efficacy. Nanotechnology-based delivery platforms are being explored as potential means to improve the targeted delivery of active compounds while minimizing systemic side effects.

In conclusion, CAS No 638-23-3 Carbocisteine , with its multifaceted applications ranging from respiratory health to liver protection and beyond, represents a cornerstone compound in modern medicine. Its unique chemical properties coupled with recent advancements in research underscore its significance as a therapeutic agent with broad clinical utility.

• 2387-59-9(carbocistein)
• 25635-80-7(Cysteine,S-(2-carboxyethyl)-)
• 29433-95-2(L-Cysteine,S-(carboxymethyl)-, homopolymer)
• 1115-93-1(L-Cysteine, S-propyl-)
• 6367-98-2(S-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine)
• 85955-36-8(S-2-Hydroxyethyl-D-cysteine)
• 104640-54-2(L-Cysteine,S-(1-carboxyethyl)-)
• 2936-69-8(L-Cysteine,S-(2-aminoethyl)-)
• 141814-32-6(L-Cysteine,S-(2-oxoethyl)-)
• 186537-58-6(Carboxymethylcysteine)