• 1. Total synthesis of (±)-tanshinol B, tanshinone I, and (±)-tanshindiol B and C
  Fan Wang,Hong Yang,Shujuan Yu,Yu Xue,Zhoulong Fan,Gaolin Liang,Meiyu Geng,Ao Zhang,Chunyong Ding Org. Biomol. Chem. 2018 16 3376
• 2. Tanshinones inhibit hIAPP aggregation, disaggregate preformed hIAPP fibrils, and protect cultured cells
  Baiping Ren,Yonglan Liu,Yanxian Zhang,Mingzhen Zhang,Yan Sun,Guizhao Liang,Jianxiong Xu,Jie Zheng J. Mater. Chem. B 2018 6 56
• 3. Identification of blood-activating components from Xueshuan Xinmaining Tablet based on the spectrum–effect relationship and network pharmacology analysis
  Jing Tan,Junli Liu,Han Wang,Ying Zhang,Hongqiang Lin,Zhongyao Wang,Hanrui Si,Yutong Zhang,Jinping Liu,Pingya Li,Kai Sun RSC Adv. 2020 10 9587
• 4. A novel hollow fiber/graphene oxide/solvent bar microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography for preconcentration and determination of tanshinones and salvianolic acids in Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza
  Wen-Yan Ma,Rong-Rong Xing,Shuang Hu,Xuan Chen,Xiao-Hong Bai Anal. Methods 2014 6 7285
• 5. An in vitro affinity-based method for studying herb–drug interactions for direct identification of cytochrome P450 1A2, 3A4, and 2C9 specific ligands from herbal extracts using ultrafiltration-high performance liquid chromatography
  Zhiqiang Wang,Seung Hwan Hwang,Guanglei Zuo,Set Byeol Kim,Soon Sung Lim RSC Adv. 2018 8 8944

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Lipids and lipid-like molecules Prenol lipids Tanshinones, isotanshinones, and derivatives
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Lipids and lipid-like molecules Prenol lipids Diterpenoids Tanshinones, isotanshinones, and derivatives
• Naphthoquinones
• Diterpenoids
• Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Products Pharmaceutical Active Ingredients Standard Substances
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Heterocyclic Compounds

Tanshinone I (CAS No. 568-73-0): A Comprehensive Overview of Its Chemistry, Biology, and Emerging Applications

Tanshinone I, identified by the Chemical Abstracts Service Number (CAS No.) 568-73-0, is a naturally occurring diterpenoid compound that has garnered significant attention in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and biomedical research. This compound is primarily derived from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a traditional medicinal plant widely used in Asian medicine systems for its therapeutic properties. The unique molecular structure of Tanshinone I encompasses multiple functional groups, including aromatic rings and oxygen-containing heterocycles, which contribute to its diverse biological activities.

The chemical formula of Tanshinone I is C₂₀H₂₈O₃, and its molecular weight is approximately 312.44 g/mol. The compound exhibits a complex chromophore system, which is responsible for its characteristic color and reactivity. Spectroscopic analysis, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS), has been instrumental in elucidating its detailed structural features. These analytical techniques have confirmed the presence of a labdane diterpenoid backbone, modified with hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, which are critical for its biological interactions.

In recent years, Tanshinone I has been the subject of extensive research due to its promising pharmacological effects. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its potential in modulating various cellular pathways, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory properties of Tanshinone I are attributed to its ability to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Additionally, its antioxidant activity has been linked to the suppression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage.

The anticancer potential of Tanshinone I has been particularly well-documented in several in vitro and in vivo models. Research indicates that it can induce apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. Furthermore, it has shown efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation of multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines by modulating P-glycoprotein expression. These findings have positioned Tanshinone I as a candidate for developing novel chemotherapeutic agents or adjuvants to enhance conventional cancer treatments.

Emerging studies have also explored the neuroprotective effects of Tanshinone I. Evidence suggests that it may help mitigate neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease by inhibiting β-secretase activity and reducing amyloid-beta plaque formation. Moreover, its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier has opened up possibilities for therapeutic applications in central nervous system disorders. These findings highlight the multifaceted pharmacological profile of Tanshinone I, making it a valuable compound for further clinical investigation.

The pharmacokinetic profile of Tanshinone I is another area of active research. Studies have shown that it exhibits moderate oral bioavailability and undergoes extensive metabolism in vivo, primarily through cytochrome P450 enzymes. Understanding these metabolic pathways is crucial for optimizing drug delivery systems and minimizing potential drug-drug interactions. Advanced techniques such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have been employed to monitor the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties of Tanshinone I, providing insights into its therapeutic window and safety profile.

The synthetic chemistry of Tanshinone I has also seen significant advancements. Researchers have developed efficient synthetic routes that mimic natural biosynthesis or provide access to modified derivatives with enhanced biological activity. These synthetic strategies often involve key steps such as oxidation, reduction, and cyclization reactions, which are carefully optimized to preserve the structural integrity and functional groups essential for pharmacological efficacy. The development of sustainable synthetic methods aligns with global efforts to promote green chemistry principles in pharmaceutical manufacturing.

The regulatory landscape for compounds like Tanshinone I is continually evolving to ensure safety and efficacy in clinical use. Regulatory agencies require comprehensive preclinical data demonstrating toxicity profiles, pharmacokinetic parameters, and therapeutic benefits before approving new drug applications. The growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of Tanshinone I has prompted regulatory bodies to consider expedited review pathways for related drug candidates derived from natural products like this one.

In conclusion, Tanshinone I (CAS No. 568-73-0) represents a fascinating example of how natural products continue to inspire innovation in drug discovery and development. Its diverse biological activities, coupled with ongoing advancements in synthetic chemistry and pharmacokinetic understanding, position it as a promising candidate for future therapeutic applications. As research progresses, further insights into its mechanisms of action will likely unlock new possibilities for treating a wide range of diseases.

• 126979-80-4(Formyltanshinone)
• 98249-39-9(11,16-oxy-18,20-dinor-1,3,5(10),6,8,11,15-abietaheptaene-13,14-dione)
• 76829-01-1(Przewaquinone B)
• 189290-28-6(Tanshinol A)
• 97399-70-7(Nortanshinone)
• 927174-24-1(Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione, 2-ethyl-8-(4-methylpentyl)-)
• 92202-52-3(phenanthro[1,2-b]furan-10,11-dione, 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-1,6,6-trimethyl-, sodium salt (1:1))
• 568-72-9(Tanshinone IIA)
• 927174-22-9(Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione, 2-ethyl-7-(4-methylpentyl)-)
• 17112-93-5(Naphtho[1,2-b]furan-4,5-dione,2-methyl-)