• 1. 368. cycloHexane-1 : 3-diones. Part IV. The synthesis of further terphenyl derivatives
  G. R. Ames,W. Davey J. Chem. Soc. 1958 1794
• 2. 165. Researches on acetylenic compounds. Part XXX. Catalytic and inhibitory effects in the reppe carboxylation reaction
  E. R. H. Jones,T. Y. Shen,M. C. Whiting J. Chem. Soc. 1951 763
• 3. 651. Cyclohexane-1,3-diones. Part VI. Structural requirements for the displacement of the alkoxyl by the cyano-group in the enol ethers of cyclic β-diketones
  B. E. Betts,W. Davey J. Chem. Soc. 1961 3333
• 4. 25. The modes of addition to conjugated unsaturated systems. Part VII. The addition of hydrogen cyanide and methyl malonate to methyl cinnamylidenemalonate
  Dora A. Duff,C. K. Ingold J. Chem. Soc. 1934 87
• 5. Organic chemistry
  J. Chem. Soc. Abstr. 1914 106 i917

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Benzene and substituted derivatives Styrenes

Ethyl Atropate (CAS No. 22286-82-4): A Comprehensive Overview

Ethyl Atropate, chemically identified by the CAS number 22286-82-4, is a compound of significant interest in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and biomedical research. This compound, belonging to the class of muscarinic receptor antagonists, has garnered attention due to its diverse applications and the latest advancements in its study. The primary pharmacological action of Ethyl Atropate is its ability to block muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, which makes it a valuable tool in both clinical and experimental settings.

The chemical structure of Ethyl Atropate consists of an ethyl ester derivative of atropine, featuring a chiral center that contributes to its pharmacological properties. This structural feature is crucial in determining its interaction with biological targets, particularly the muscarinic receptors found in various tissues and organs. The compound's molecular formula, C₁₆H₂₁NO₃, underscores its complexity and the intricate balance of atoms that contribute to its biological activity.

In recent years, Ethyl Atropate has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic applications. One of the most notable areas of research has been its use as an anticholinergic agent. Anticholinergic drugs are widely employed in the treatment of conditions such as urinary incontinence, irritable bowel syndrome, and certain types of glaucoma. The mechanism by which Ethyl Atropate exerts its effects involves the competitive inhibition of muscarinic receptors, thereby reducing excessive cholinergic activity.

Recent studies have also explored the role of Ethyl Atropate in neurodegenerative disorders. Research indicates that muscarinic receptor dysfunction is associated with conditions like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. By modulating muscarinic receptor activity, Ethyl Atropate may offer a potential therapeutic strategy for these debilitating conditions. The compound's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier further enhances its appeal as a candidate for central nervous system (CNS) therapies.

The pharmacokinetics of Ethyl Atropate have been subjects of detailed investigation. Its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) profiles are critical factors in determining its efficacy and safety profile. Studies have shown that Ethyl Atropate exhibits moderate oral bioavailability and a relatively short half-life, which necessitates careful dosing regimens to maintain therapeutic levels while minimizing side effects.

One of the key challenges in the development of muscarinic receptor antagonists is the potential for off-target effects. Ethyl Atropate, while primarily targeting muscarinic receptors, may also interact with other biological targets due to its structural similarities. This can lead to side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. However, ongoing research aims to optimize the compound's selectivity to reduce these adverse effects while maintaining its therapeutic benefits.

The synthesis of Ethyl Atropate involves multi-step organic reactions that require precise control over reaction conditions and reagent selection. Advanced synthetic methodologies have been developed to improve yield and purity, ensuring that the final product meets pharmaceutical standards. These synthetic routes often involve protecting group strategies and catalytic processes to achieve high selectivity and efficiency.

In conclusion, Ethyl Atropate (CAS No. 22286-82-4) is a compound with significant potential in pharmaceutical applications. Its role as a muscarinic receptor antagonist has been well-documented, with ongoing research exploring its use in treating various neurological and gastrointestinal disorders. The compound's complex structure and pharmacological profile make it a subject of continuous investigation, aiming to harness its therapeutic potential while addressing challenges such as selectivity and side effects.

• 15895-94-0(Benzeneacetic acid, a-methylene-, butyl ester)
• 73275-62-4(Ethenylbenzene, butyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, (1-methylethenyl)benzene polymer)
• 665004-50-2(2-Methyl-2-propenoic acid polymer with butyl 2-propenoate, ethenylbenzene, (1-methylethenyl)benzene and methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, ammonium salt)
• 125302-15-0(2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with butyl 2-propenoate, ethenylbenzene, 2-hydroxyethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, (1-methylethenyl)benzene and methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate)
• 125302-14-9(2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with butyl 2-propenoate, ethenylbenzene, 2-hydroxyethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate and (1-methylethenyl)benzene)
• 609846-30-2(2-Propenoic acid polymer with butyl 2-propenoate, ethenylbenzene, (1-methylethenyl)benzene and methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate, ammonium salt)
• 64461-17-2(2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with butyl 2-propenoate, ethenylbenzene, (1-methylethenyl)benzene and methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate)
• 1865-29-8(Methyl 2-phenylacrylate)
• 409359-86-0(Ethyl 2-(4-cyanophenyl)acrylate)
• 94031-38-6(2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, polymer with ethyl 2-propenoate, (1-methylethenyl)benzene and methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate)