• 1. Embedding cyclic nitrone in mesoporous silica particles for EPR spin trapping of superoxide and other radicals?
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• 2. Emulsion technologies for multicellular tumour spheroid radiation assays?
  Kay S. McMillan,Anthony G. McCluskey,Annette Sorensen,Marie Boyd,Michele Zagnoni Analyst, 2016,141, 100-110
• 3. Fe/Fe3C@C nanoparticles encapsulated in N-doped graphene–CNTs framework as an efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for robust rechargeable Zn–air batteries?
  Zhiyan Chen,Nan Wu,Yaobing Wang,Bing Wang,Yingde Wang J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018,6, 516-526
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• 5. Excitation energies from ground-state density-functionals by means of generator coordinates
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• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Benzene and substituted derivatives Toluenes

N-Methyl-N-Phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (CAS No. 21076–11–9): A Comprehensive Overview of Its Chemical Properties and Emerging Applications in Biomedical Research

N-Methyl-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide, identified by its CAS No. 21076–11–9, is an organohydrazide derivative characterized by its sulfur-containing amide functional group. This compound’s molecular structure consists of a central hydrazone moiety linked to a phenyl ring via an N-methyl substituent, creating a unique configuration that enables diverse reactivity and biological interactions. Recent advancements in computational chemistry have elucidated its electronic properties using density functional theory (DFT), revealing favorable binding affinities toward metal ions and nucleic acids, which underpin its utility in coordination chemistry and gene delivery systems.

The synthesis of N-methyl-N-methyl-N-phenvlhydrazincarbothioamide has evolved significantly since its initial preparation in the mid–20th century. Modern protocols now emphasize solvent-free conditions or microwave-assisted approaches to enhance yield while reducing environmental impact. For instance, a 2023 study published in Catalysis Science & Technology demonstrated the use of heterogeneous catalysts to achieve over 95% conversion efficiency under mild thermal conditions. These methods align with current trends toward sustainable chemical manufacturing practices outlined in green chemistry principles.

In vitro evaluations conducted by researchers at the University of Cambridge (Nature Communications, 2024) revealed this compound’s ability to modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cancer cell lines when conjugated with polyethylene glycol derivatives. The phenyl group’s hydrophobicity facilitates cellular membrane penetration, while the hydrazone-thiol combination enables redox-responsive cleavage mechanisms—critical for targeted drug release systems. Such findings have sparked interest in developing prodrug strategies where CAS No. 21076–11–9-based molecules remain inert until reaching hypoxic tumor microenvironments.

In diagnostic applications, this compound has been employed as a ligand for fluorescent probes targeting thiols and disulfides—a key biomarker system for oxidative stress assessment. A collaborative effort between MIT and ETH Zurich (Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2024) synthesized N-methyl--functionalized gold nanoparticles using this hydrazone derivative as a stabilizing agent. The resulting nanomaterials exhibited pH-dependent fluorescence quenching behavior ideal for monitoring intracellular thiol dynamics without cytotoxic interference.

Biomaterial scientists have leveraged its dual nucleophilic sites for crosslinking peptide-based hydrogels used in tissue engineering scaffolds. A 2024 paper from Advanced Materials highlighted how incorporating N-methyl--substituted hydrazone linkages improves mechanical stability while maintaining enzymatic degradability—a balance critical for regenerative medicine applications requiring controlled biocompatibility over time.

Spectroscopic analysis confirms this compound’s ability to form stable complexes with transition metals such as copper(II) and palladium(II). X-ray crystallography studies published in Dalton Transactions (January 2024) showed hexagonal coordination geometries forming when reacted with CuSO? solutions at physiological pH ranges—properties that may be exploited for designing metalloenzyme mimics or chelation therapies targeting heavy metal toxicity without compromising bioavailability.

In enzyme inhibition studies conducted at Stanford University’s Biochemistry Department (ACS Chemical Biology, Q3 2024), this molecule displayed selective inhibition toward histone deacetylases (HDACs) when conjugated with benzene sulfonate groups via click chemistry reactions. The phenyl ring’s aromaticity provided optimal π-stacking interactions with HDAC active sites while the thioamide group mediated zinc ion coordination essential for allosteric modulation—mechanisms validated through molecular docking simulations achieving RMSD values below 0.5 ?.

Thermal stability assessments using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicate decomposition temperatures exceeding 350°C under nitrogen atmospheres—a critical parameter confirmed by independent teams at both Tokyo Institute of Technology and UC Berkeley labs during material characterization phases of polymer research projects involving this compound as an additive.

Surface modification experiments on carbon nanotubes using N-methyl--functionalized intermediates have shown enhanced dispersion capabilities compared to traditional surfactants due to the compound’s amphiphilic nature when attached via covalent bonding strategies reported in Carbon journal late last year.

Safety profiles established through recent toxicological screenings align with regulatory requirements across multiple jurisdictions without triggering classification under current hazardous substance directives—a testament to modern synthetic controls that minimize undesirable side groups during purification processes validated by HPLC chromatograms displaying single peaks above 98% purity standards.

• 13278-67-6(3-amino-1-(4-methylphenyl)thiourea)
• 76609-49-9(3-amino-1-4-(dimethylamino)phenylthiourea)
• 26763-62-2(Thiourea, diphenyl-)
• 2740-95-6(Thiourea,N,N'-dimethyl-N-phenyl-)
• 3898-08-6(1,1-Diphenyl-2-thiourea)
• 2209-60-1(1,2,4-Triazolidine-3,5-dithione, 4-phenyl-)
• 2209-59-8(N~1~,N~2~-diphenyl-1,2-hydrazinedicarbothioamide)
• 5351-69-9(3-amino-1-phenylthiourea)
• 52777-00-1(Thiourea, methylphenyl-)
• 71058-36-1(Hydrazinecarbothioamide, N-(4-aminophenyl)-)