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• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organic acids and derivatives Carboxylic acids and derivatives Amino acids, peptides, and analogues Amino acids and derivatives

Compound Introduction: CAS No 194785-78-9 and (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD

The compound with the chemical identifier CAS No 194785-78-9 and the product name (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD represents a significant advancement in the field of biochemical research and pharmaceutical development. This compound, belonging to the class of homologated analogs of acetylcholine, has garnered considerable attention due to its unique structural configuration and potential biological activities. The stereochemical specification (1S,3S) indicates a precise three-dimensional arrangement of atoms, which is critical for its interaction with biological targets.

Recent studies have highlighted the importance of stereospecificity in drug design, particularly in the realm of cholinergic modulators. The enantiomer (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD has been extensively investigated for its potential role in modulating neurotransmitter systems, particularly those involving acetylcholine receptors. These receptors are pivotal in various physiological processes, including memory, learning, and muscle contraction. The homologation aspect of this compound suggests modifications that may enhance its pharmacological profile compared to its parent compound.

In the context of current research, (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD has been explored for its potential applications in treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that this compound can interact with muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with high selectivity. This selectivity is crucial for developing therapeutic agents that can target specific aspects of cholinergic signaling without eliciting unwanted side effects.

The structural analogs of acetylcholine have been a subject of intense study due to their diverse pharmacological activities. The modification of the acetylcholine backbone to produce compounds like (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD allows for fine-tuning of biological activity. This approach has led to the discovery of novel compounds with enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity. The stereochemical configuration plays a pivotal role in determining the compound's affinity and selectivity for biological targets.

Advanced computational methods have been employed to understand the binding interactions between (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD and its target receptors. Molecular docking studies have revealed that this compound can bind to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors with high affinity. These findings have provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying its pharmacological effects. Additionally, structural biology techniques such as X-ray crystallography have been used to visualize the binding mode of this compound at an atomic level.

The synthesis of (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD involves sophisticated organic chemistry techniques that ensure high enantiomeric purity. The stereochemical integrity of this compound is maintained throughout the synthetic process through careful control of reaction conditions and use of chiral auxiliaries or catalysts. This meticulous approach ensures that the final product exhibits the desired biological activity without any racemic impurities that could diminish efficacy or increase toxicity.

Pharmacokinetic studies have been conducted to evaluate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties of (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD. These studies have provided critical data on how the compound behaves within the body over time. Understanding these properties is essential for optimizing dosing regimens and predicting potential side effects. The ADME profile of this compound has been found to be favorable for further development into a therapeutic agent.

The potential therapeutic applications of (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD extend beyond neurodegenerative disorders. Research has also explored its role in treating cognitive impairments associated with aging and other neurological conditions. The compound's ability to modulate cholinergic signaling makes it a promising candidate for enhancing cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early-stage Alzheimer's disease.

Future research directions include exploring the long-term effects of chronic administration of (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD and investigating its potential interactions with other neurotransmitter systems. Additionally, studies are being conducted to assess its efficacy in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. These preclinical investigations are crucial for determining whether this compound can transition from laboratory research to clinical trials in humans.

The development of novel pharmacological agents like (1S,3S)-homo-ACPD underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration between chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, and clinicians. Such collaborations are essential for translating basic research findings into tangible therapeutic benefits for patients suffering from various diseases.

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