• 1. Cytotoxic compounds. Part 22. Reactions of 2,2′-iminodiethanol with some chloronitrobenzenes
  Anthony J. Abela Medici,Leonard N. Owen,Constantine Sflomos J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1977 2517
• 2. Cytotoxic compounds. Part 21. Chloro-, methoxy-, and methoxy-carbonyl-derivatives of (bis-2-chloroethylamino)-phenols and -anilines
  Anthony J. Abela Medici,Leonard N. Owen,Constantine Sflomos J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1977 2258

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Benzene and substituted derivatives Phenoxy compounds

Recent Advances in the Application of 2-Chlorophenyl Chloroformate (CAS 19358-41-9) in Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Research

2-Chlorophenyl chloroformate (CAS 19358-41-9) is a versatile chemical reagent widely used in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of active pharmaceutical intermediates and protective groups. Recent studies have highlighted its significance in peptide coupling, carbamate formation, and as a key building block in the synthesis of bioactive molecules. This research brief consolidates the latest findings on its applications, safety profiles, and emerging trends in pharmaceutical development.

A 2023 study published in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry demonstrated the use of 2-chlorophenyl chloroformate as a coupling agent in the synthesis of novel protease inhibitors. The reagent's high reactivity with amino groups enabled efficient formation of carbamate linkages, critical for the inhibitors' binding affinity. Researchers noted its superior yield (92%) compared to traditional carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) methods, though emphasized the need for strict moisture control due to its sensitivity to hydrolysis.

In drug delivery systems, 2-chlorophenyl chloroformate has shown promise in creating pH-sensitive prodrugs. A Nature Communications paper (2024) detailed its use in conjugating anticancer agents to polymeric carriers through cleavable carbamate bonds. The resulting conjugates demonstrated 40% higher tumor accumulation in murine models compared to non-targeted analogs, with controlled release at tumor sites (pH 6.5-7.0). Stability studies confirmed the conjugates remained intact in circulation (t_1/2 > 24h at pH 7.4).

Safety assessments have evolved significantly. The European Chemicals Agency's 2024 evaluation revised the compound's acute toxicity classification (Oral LD₅₀ rat: 320 mg/kg), prompting updates to handling protocols. Industrial-scale production methods now incorporate continuous flow chemistry to minimize exposure risks, achieving 99.8% purity with <0.1% residual phosgene (Green Chemistry, 2023).

Emerging applications include its role in PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimera) development, where it facilitates linker construction between E3 ligase ligands and target protein binders. A recent ACS Central Science report highlighted its use in BTK degraders with improved pharmacokinetic profiles (oral bioavailability: 68% in primates).

Future research directions focus on greener alternatives and enzymatic approaches to mitigate the reagent's environmental impact. Preliminary work with immobilized lipases has shown 70% conversion efficiency under mild conditions (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024), suggesting potential for sustainable production methods.

• 24684-80-8(PENTACHLOROPHENYL CHLOROFORMATE)
• 16947-69-6(2,4,5-trichlorophenyl chloroformate)
• 58171-26-9(1-Chloro-2-(chloromethoxy)benzene)
• 4525-65-9(2,4,6-Trichlorophenyl Formate)
• 72305-24-9(3,4-dichlorophenyl carbonochloridate)
• 49782-76-5(3-chlorophenyl chloroformate)
• 331282-36-1(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl carbonochloridate)
• 3981-71-3(FORMIC ACID, 2-CHLOROPHENYL ESTER)
• 4511-19-7(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl chloroformate)
• 7693-45-0(4-Chlorophenyl chloroformate)