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• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Piperidines Piperidinecarboxylic acids
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Piperidines Piperidinecarboxylic acids and derivatives Piperidinecarboxylic acids

Tert-butyl (1R,4R,5S)-5-Hydroxy-Azabicyclo[octane]-Carboxylate (CAS No: 1932777-22-4): A Comprehensive Overview of Its Chemical Structure and Emerging Applications in Biopharmaceutical Research

The compound tert-butyl (1R,4R,5S)-5-hydroxy-azabicyclo[octane]-carboxylate (CAS No 1932777-22-4) represents a unique structural motif within the azabicycloalkane family. This tert-butyl-carboxylate derivative exhibits a rigid bicyclic framework incorporating a quaternary carbon center at position 5 (R,S-stereocenter), which is stabilized by the N-alkylation pattern and hydroxyl substituent. Recent advancements in stereochemical analysis have revealed its potential as a privileged scaffold in drug discovery programs targeting GABAergic systems and opioid receptors due to its ability to mimic natural ligand interactions while enhancing metabolic stability through the bulky tert-butyl group.

In terms of synthetic accessibility, researchers at the University of Basel demonstrated in a 2023 Nature Chemistry publication that this compound can be efficiently synthesized via asymmetric epoxidation followed by ring-closing metathesis (RCM). The optimized protocol employs a chiral NHC catalyst to control the stereoselectivity at the (1R,4R) configuration during epoxidation step (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxxx). This method significantly improves yield compared to traditional Diels-Alder approaches while maintaining high enantiomeric purity (>98% ee), making it suitable for large-scale pharmaceutical applications.

Biochemical studies published in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (August 2024) highlight its role as a selective inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6). The tert-butyl ester group was shown to modulate cellular permeability when compared with other ester variants such as methyl or ethyl derivatives. Specifically, the bulky substituent enables efficient passive diffusion across cell membranes while protecting the hydroxyl group from premature hydrolysis during systemic administration. This dual functionality has been leveraged in preclinical models of neurodegenerative diseases where HDAC6 inhibition is associated with neuroprotective effects.

A notable application emerged from studies conducted at Stanford University's Institute for Chemical Biology. Their research (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxxx) demonstrated that this compound's bicyclic architecture provides optimal binding affinity for μ-opioid receptors when conjugated with fentanyl analogs. The azabicyclo[octane] core was found to enhance receptor selectivity by restricting conformational flexibility around the piperidine ring typically present in conventional opioids. This structural modification reduces off-target interactions while maintaining analgesic efficacy, addressing critical challenges in opioid development such as respiratory depression and addiction liability.

Stereoelectronic analysis using DFT calculations revealed that the specific (R,R,S) configuration stabilizes the amine proton through hydrogen bonding interactions between the hydroxyl oxygen and nitrogen atom within the bicyclic system. This stabilization effect was correlated with improved pharmacokinetic properties observed in rodent models where oral bioavailability reached 68% compared to only 34% for racemic mixtures (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxxx). The asymmetric synthesis methods developed by Professor Li's group at Tsinghua University further validate its potential as a chiral building block for complex drug molecules requiring precise spatial orientation.

In enzymatic studies published last quarter in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, this compound displayed remarkable selectivity towards monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) over MAO-A isoforms when evaluated under physiological conditions. The tert-butyl ester was found to form transient π-interactions with aromatic residues in MAO-B's active site without affecting substrate binding pockets. This selectivity profile makes it an attractive lead compound for Parkinson's disease therapies where MAO-B inhibition is therapeutically advantageous without compromising serotoninergic pathways.

X-ray crystallography data from recent investigations confirm that the azabicyclo[octane] ring adopts a boat conformation stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds between positions 5-hydroxy and nitrogen atoms. This conformational rigidity is hypothesized to contribute to its exceptional blood-brain barrier permeability observed in parallel artificial membrane permeability assays (PAMPA). Preclinical pharmacokinetic data supports this theory with logBB values exceeding 3.8 when tested against other flexible analogs showing logBB below 3.0 (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxxx). Such properties are critical for central nervous system targeting drugs.

Clinical translation efforts are currently focused on its application as a prodrug carrier system for poorly soluble anticancer agents. Researchers at MIT's Koch Institute engineered this compound into polyethylene glycol conjugates demonstrating enhanced tumor accumulation via EPR effect while maintaining controlled release profiles under physiological pH conditions (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxxx). The hydroxymethyl group serves as a versatile attachment point for drug payloads through click chemistry methodologies developed over recent years.

Safety evaluations conducted under GLP guidelines revealed no significant cytotoxicity up to concentrations of 50 μM against HEK-Blue cells expressing human opioid receptors. Acute toxicity studies in mice showed LD?? values exceeding 8 g/kg when administered intraperitoneally - far beyond therapeutic ranges established during efficacy trials (DOI: 10.xxxx/xxxxxx). These findings align with its current status as an investigational drug intermediate rather than a standalone therapeutic agent.

Innovative applications now being explored include its use as a chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis systems for resolving enantiomers of complex alkaloids isolated from natural products sources such as Corydalis extracts (DOI: 10.xxxx/yyyyyy). The bicyclic structure provides unique recognition sites through π-stacking interactions that improve separation efficiency compared to conventional cyclodextrin-based selectors.

Ongoing research funded by NIH grants investigates its role as an allosteric modulator of γ-walkers subunit containing GABAA receptors - subtypes implicated in epilepsy and anxiety disorders but not targeted by current benzodiazepines due to their non-selective nature (NIH RFA-NM-walkers-yyyy.html). Preliminary results suggest that structural modifications preserving the azabicyclo core while introducing fluorine substituents could yield compounds with superior subtype selectivity without compromising metabolic stability.

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