• 1. Selection of the biological activity of DNJ neoglycoconjugates through click length variation of the side chain
  Nicolas Ardes-Guisot,Dominic S. Alonzi,Gabriele Reinkensmeier,Terry D. Butters,Caroline Norez,Frédéric Becq,Yousuke Shimada,Shinpei Nakagawa,Atsushi Kato,Yves Blériot,Matthieu Sollogoub,Boris Vauzeilles Org. Biomol. Chem. 2011 9 5373
• 2. Determination of protonation states of iminosugar–enzyme complexes using photoinduced electron transfer
  Bo Wang,Jacob Ingemar Olsen,Bo W. Laursen,Jens Christian Navarro Poulsen,Mikael Bols Chem. Sci. 2017 8 7383
• 3. Chemical synthesis, inhibitory activity and molecular mechanism of 1-deoxynojirimycin–chrysin as a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor
  Ran Zhang,Yueyue Zhang,Gaiqun Huang,Xiangdong Xin,Liumei Tang,Hao Li,Kwang Sik Lee,Byung Rae Jin,Zhongzheng Gui RSC Adv. 2021 11 38703
• 4. Synthetic deoxynojirimycin derivatives bearing a thiolated, fluorinated or unsaturated N-alkyl chain: identification of potent α-glucosidase and trehalase inhibitors as well as F508del-CFTR correctors
  V. Cendret,T. Legigan,A. Mingot,S. Thibaudeau,I. Adachi,M. Forcella,P. Parenti,J. Bertrand,F. Becq,C. Norez,J. Désiré,A. Kato,Y. Blériot Org. Biomol. Chem. 2015 13 10734
• 5. Iminosugars as glycosyltransferase inhibitors
  Irene Conforti,Alberto Marra Org. Biomol. Chem. 2021 19 5439

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Piperidines Piperidines
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Organoheterocyclic compounds Piperidines
• Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Products Pharmaceutical Active Ingredients Standard Substances

Introduction to 1-Deoxynojirimycin (CAS No. 19130-96-2): Applications and Recent Research Developments

1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), with the chemical identifier CAS No. 19130-96-2, is a naturally occurring glycoside that has garnered significant attention in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry and biochemistry due to its multifaceted biological activities. This compound, derived from various plants including Aspergillus niger, has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the management of hyperglycemia and as an anti-inflammatory agent. The structural uniqueness of DNJ lies in its ability to mimic the structure of glucose, which enables it to interact with specific enzymes and receptors in the body, thereby modulating various metabolic pathways.

The primary pharmacological interest in 1-Deoxynojirimycin stems from its inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase enzymes. These enzymes play a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism by catalyzing the hydrolysis of terminal α-glucosidic linkages in oligosaccharides and disaccharides, such as maltose and sucrose, into glucose. By inhibiting α-glucosidase, DNJ effectively slows down the absorption of dietary carbohydrates in the small intestine, leading to a reduction in postprandial blood glucose levels. This mechanism has made 1-Deoxynojirimycin a promising candidate for the development of antidiabetic agents.

Recent research has further expanded the therapeutic potential of 1-Deoxynojirimycin beyond diabetes management. Studies have demonstrated its efficacy in modulating immune responses, making it a candidate for applications in immunomodulatory therapies. The compound has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. Additionally, DNJ has shown promise in neuroprotective studies, where it has been observed to mitigate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress associated with neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

The structural framework of 1-Deoxynojirimycin (CAS No. 19130-96-2) also contributes to its versatility in drug design. Its glycoside structure allows for modifications that can enhance its bioavailability and target specificity. Researchers have been exploring derivatives of DNJ that retain its beneficial properties while improving pharmacokinetic profiles. For instance, modifications at the anomeric carbon or the side chain have led to compounds with enhanced stability and prolonged half-life, making them more suitable for clinical applications.

In clinical trials, 1-Deoxynojirimycin has demonstrated safety and tolerability when used as a monotherapy or in combination with existing antidiabetic medications. A notable study published in Diabetes Care reported that oral administration of DNJ significantly reduced HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. This finding underscores the compound's potential as a safe and effective treatment option for diabetes management.

Beyond its therapeutic applications, 1-Deoxynojirimycin (CAS No. 19130-96-2) has also attracted interest for its role in metabolic syndrome. Research indicates that it can improve insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. This effect is particularly relevant given the rising prevalence of metabolic syndrome worldwide, where insulin resistance is a key pathological feature.

The biosynthetic pathway of DNJ has been another area of active investigation. Genomic studies have identified genes responsible for the production of DNJ in Aspergillus niger, providing insights into how this compound is synthesized at the molecular level. This knowledge has paved the way for biotechnological approaches to enhance the production of DNJ, potentially through fermentation optimization or genetic engineering techniques.

Future research directions for 1-Deoxynojirimycin (CAS No. 19130-96-2) include exploring its role in cancer therapy. Preliminary studies have suggested that DNJ can inhibit tumor growth by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. These findings are particularly intriguing given the need for novel chemotherapeutic agents that can target multiple pathways involved in cancer progression.

In conclusion, 1-Deoxynojirimycin (CAS No. 19130-96-2) is a versatile compound with significant therapeutic potential across multiple domains including diabetes management, immunomodulation, neuroprotection, and cancer therapy. Its unique structural properties and multifaceted biological activities make it a valuable candidate for further clinical development. As research continues to uncover new applications for this compound, it is likely that DNJ will play an increasingly important role in modern medicine.

• 70956-02-4(1-Deoxynojirimycin)
• 108147-54-2((2R,3S,4R,5S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol)
• 117821-07-5(3,4,5-Piperidinetriol,2-(hydroxymethyl)-, (2S,3S,4S,5S)-)
• 921199-28-2(3,4-Piperidinediol, 2-(hydroxymethyl)-, (2S,3R,4S)-)
• 528593-83-1(3,4,5-Piperidinetriol,2-methyl-,(2S,3S,4S,5R)-(9CI))
• 119557-99-2(α-Homonojirimycin)
• 99212-30-3(3,4,5-Piperidinetriol,2-methyl-, (2S,3R,4S,5R)-)
• 84444-90-6(3,4,5-Piperidinetriol,2-(hydroxymethyl)-, (2R,3R,4R,5R)-)
• 14199-63-4(3,4,5-Piperidinetriol, 2-(hydroxymethyl)-)
• 475630-67-2(3,4-Piperidinediol,2-(hydroxymethyl)-,(2S,3S,4R)-(9CI))