• 1. Excimer emission and magnetoluminescence of radical-based zinc(ii) complexes doped in host crystals?
  Shojiro Kimura,Tetsuro Kusamoto Chem. Commun., 2020,56, 11195-11198
• 2. EWOD-driven droplet microfluidic device integrated with optoelectronic tweezers as an automated platform for cellular isolation and analysis?
  Gaurav J. Shah,Eric P.-Y. Chiou,Ming C. Wu,Chang-Jin “CJ” Kim Lab Chip, 2009,9, 1732-1739
• 3. Enantiocontrolled construction of sistodiolynne, an unusual polyketide from the wood-decay fungus Sistrema raduloides
  Chem. Commun., 1997, 767-768
• 4. Estimates of hydride ion stability in condensed systems: energy of formation and solvation in aqueous and polar-organic solvents
  Craig A. Kelly,David R. Rosseinsky Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2001,3, 2086-2090
• 5. Dissociative electron attachment to HGaF4 Lewis–Br?nsted superacid
  Marcin Czapla,Jack Simons Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018,20, 21739-21745

Introduction to 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile (CAS No. 1404194-78-0)

2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile, identified by the Chemical Abstracts Service Number (CAS No.) 1404194-78-0, is a fluorinated aromatic nitrile that has garnered significant attention in the field of pharmaceutical and agrochemical research. Its unique structural features, characterized by the presence of both fluoro and trifluoromethoxy substituents, make it a valuable intermediate in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds. This compound belongs to a class of molecules that exhibit promising pharmacological properties, particularly in the areas of anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer applications.

The fluorine atoms in 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile play a crucial role in modulating the biological activity and metabolic stability of the resulting derivatives. Fluorine substitution is well-documented for its ability to enhance binding affinity, improve pharmacokinetic profiles, and increase chemical resistance against degradation. In recent years, there has been a surge in research focusing on fluorinated benzonitrile derivatives due to their potential as lead compounds in drug discovery. The trifluoromethoxy group further contributes to the electronic properties of the aromatic ring, influencing reactivity and interaction with biological targets.

Recent studies have highlighted the utility of 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile as a key building block in the synthesis of novel therapeutic agents. For instance, researchers have explored its incorporation into kinase inhibitors, which are critical in targeted cancer therapies. The fluorinated aromatic core provides a scaffold that can be modified to achieve high selectivity for specific kinases involved in tumor growth and progression. Preliminary findings suggest that derivatives of this compound exhibit potent inhibitory effects on various kinases while maintaining low toxicity profiles.

In addition to its applications in oncology, 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile has shown promise in the development of antiviral drugs. The electron-withdrawing nature of the nitrile group and the electron-donating effect of the trifluoromethoxy group create a balance that can enhance interactions with viral enzymes. A notable study published last year demonstrated the efficacy of certain benzonitrile derivatives in inhibiting viral protease activity, thereby blocking viral replication. This research underscores the importance of fluorinated benzonitriles as versatile tools in antiviral drug design.

The agrochemical sector has also recognized the potential of 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile as a precursor for developing novel pesticides and herbicides. Fluorinated compounds are known for their enhanced stability and efficacy against pests and weeds. Researchers have synthesized several derivatives of this compound that exhibit strong insecticidal properties without significant environmental impact. These findings align with global efforts to develop sustainable agricultural solutions that minimize ecological disruption.

The synthesis of 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile involves multi-step organic reactions that require precise control over reaction conditions. Typically, it begins with the fluorination of a benzene derivative followed by methoxylation and cyanation steps. Advanced synthetic methodologies, such as transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, have been employed to improve yield and purity. The use of fluorinating agents like Selectfluor? and trifluoromethanol as key reagents ensures high regioselectivity and functional group compatibility.

The chemical properties of 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile make it an attractive candidate for further derivatization. The presence of both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups allows for diverse modifications at different positions on the aromatic ring. This flexibility enables chemists to fine-tune the physicochemical properties of the final products, optimizing them for specific biological applications. Techniques such as Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and Buchwald-Hartwig amination have been utilized to introduce additional functional groups while preserving the integrity of the fluorinated core.

From a regulatory perspective, 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile is subject to standard chemical safety protocols due to its reactive nature. Proper handling procedures must be followed to ensure worker safety and prevent environmental contamination. While it is not classified as a hazardous material under current regulations, its fluorinated structure necessitates careful storage conditions to prevent degradation or unintended reactions.

The future prospects for 2,3-Difluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)benzonitrile are promising, with ongoing research exploring new synthetic routes and applications. Advances in computational chemistry are expected to play a significant role in accelerating drug discovery by predicting molecular interactions and optimizing lead compounds before experimental validation. Collaborative efforts between academia and industry will further drive innovation in this field.

• 332062-08-5(Fmoc-S-3-amino-4,4-diphenyl-butyric acid)
• 1270529-38-8(1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexahydro-[2,3]bipyridinyl-6-ol)
• 2680771-01-9(4-cyclopentyl-3-{(prop-2-en-1-yloxy)carbonylamino}butanoic acid)
• 2098070-20-1(2-(3-(Pyridin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)acetimidamide)
• 1444113-98-7(N-(3-cyanothiolan-3-yl)-2-[(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)sulfanyl]pyridine-4-carboxamide)
• 941977-17-9(N'-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-N-2-(dimethylamino)-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethylethanediamide)
• 2138166-62-6(2,2-Difluoro-3-[methyl(2-methylbutyl)amino]propanoic acid)
• 89640-58-4(2-Iodo-4-nitrophenylhydrazine)
• 1449132-38-0(3-Fluoro-5-(2-fluoro-5-methylbenzylcarbamoyl)benzeneboronic acid)
• 2034271-14-0(2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-{[6-(thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazin-3-yl]methyl}acetamide)