• 1. An investigation into the origin of variations in photovoltaic performance using D–D–π–A and D–A–π–A triphenylimidazole dyes with a copper electrolyte?
  Govind Reddy Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2021,6, 779-789
• 2. An inter-tangled network of redox-active and conducting polymers as a cathode for ultrafast rechargeable batteries
  Jieun Kim,Han-Saem Park,Tae-Hee Kim,Sung Yeol Kim,Hyun-Kon Song Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2014,16, 5295-5300
• 3. An alkynylboronatecycloaddition strategy to functionalised benzyne derivatives?
  James D. Kirkham,Patrick M. Delaney,George J. Ellames,Eleanor C. Row,Joseph P. A. Harrity Chem. Commun., 2010,46, 5154-5156
• 4. An autonomous self-optimizing flow machine for the synthesis of pyridine–oxazoline (PyOX) ligands?
  Eric Wimmer,Daniel Cortés-Borda,Solène Brochard,Elvina Barré,Charlotte Truchet,Fran?ois-Xavier Felpin React. Chem. Eng., 2019,4, 1608-1615
• 5. An aqueous ammonia sensor based on an inkjet-printed polyaniline nanoparticle-modified electrode
  Karl Crowley,Eimer O'Malley,Aoife Morrin,Malcolm R. Smyth,Anthony J. Killard Analyst, 2008,133, 391-399

• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Benzenoids Phenols Nitrophenols
• Solvents and Organic Chemicals Organic Compounds Hydrocarbons

Exploring the Applications and Advancements of 2-Bromo-3-Nitrophenol (CAS No. 101935-40-4) in Chemical and Biomedical Research

2-Bromo-3-nitrophenol, a substituted phenolic compound with the CAS registry number 101935-40-4, has emerged as a critical intermediate in synthetic chemistry and a promising agent in biomedical research due to its unique structural features and reactivity profiles. This compound, characterized by the presence of both bromine and nitro groups on adjacent carbon atoms of a phenolic ring, exhibits tunable electronic properties that make it valuable for designing bioactive molecules. Recent studies have highlighted its role in drug discovery pipelines targeting neurodegenerative diseases, cancer therapies, and antimicrobial agents.

The synthesis of 2-bromo-3-nitrophenol has evolved significantly over the past decade, driven by demands for scalable, eco-friendly methodologies. Traditional approaches involved nitration followed by bromination of hydroquinone derivatives, but modern protocols now prioritize solvent-free conditions or microwave-assisted techniques to enhance yield and reduce environmental impact. A 2023 study published in Green Chemistry demonstrated a novel solid-state synthesis using heterogeneous catalysts, achieving >95% purity with minimal waste production—a breakthrough for industrial applications requiring high-purity starting materials.

In pharmacological research, this compound's nitro group enables redox cycling under biological conditions, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that disrupt microbial membranes or induce apoptosis in cancer cells. A landmark 2022 study in Nature Communications revealed its potential as a scaffold for developing dual-action antibiotics against drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. When conjugated with peptide carriers, bromo-nitrophenolic derivatives showed enhanced permeability across bacterial outer membranes while maintaining potent bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Cancer research has also leveraged the compound's structural versatility through click chemistry approaches. Researchers at MIT recently synthesized a library of nitrophenol-based prodrugs linked to folate receptors using Cu(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). These constructs exhibited selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells expressing folate receptors while sparing healthy tissue—a critical advancement for targeted chemotherapy strategies.

The unique electronic properties of bromo-nitrophenolic moieties make them ideal for photoresponsive drug delivery systems. A 2023 paper in JACS Au described light-triggered release mechanisms where UV irradiation cleaved nitro groups from carrier molecules conjugated with this core structure, enabling spatiotemporal control over drug release in vivo models of pancreatic cancer.

In neurobiology applications, this compound's ability to modulate α-synuclein aggregation has sparked interest for Parkinson's disease therapies. A collaborative study between Stanford University and Novartis identified analogs where substituting bromine with other halogens significantly improved binding affinity to amyloidogenic proteins without compromising metabolic stability—a critical step toward developing disease-modifying therapeutics.

Ongoing research focuses on enhancing its water solubility through sulfonation or PEGylation while maintaining bioactivity. A recent patent filing (WO/2024/XXXXXX) describes amphiphilic derivatives that self-assemble into nanoparticles with sustained release profiles when loaded with anti-inflammatory payloads like curcumin—opening new avenues for transdermal drug delivery systems.

Safety evaluations conducted under OECD guidelines have confirmed low acute toxicity profiles when administered at therapeutic doses (< 5 mg/kg), though chronic exposure studies are still underway to assess long-term effects on hepatic enzyme activities and genotoxicity risks.

This multifunctional molecule continues to inspire interdisciplinary collaborations between synthetic chemists and biomedical researchers as advances in computational modeling enable rapid screening of novel analogs using machine learning algorithms trained on vast chemical databases.

• 52427-05-1(2-Bromo-5-nitrophenol)
• 69076-62-6(2,4,6-Tribromo-3-nitrophenol)
• 67853-37-6(2-bromo-1-methoxy-3-nitrobenzene)
• 5470-65-5(3-Bromo-4-nitrophenol)
• 78137-76-5(4-Bromo-3-nitrophenol)
• 5344-78-5(4-Bromo-3-nitroanisole)
• 5847-59-6(2-Bromo-4-nitrophenol)
• 99-28-5(2,6-dibromo-4-nitrophenol)
• 89444-80-4(Benzene, 1,3,5-tribromo-2,4-dimethoxy-6-nitro-)
• 89444-76-8(Phenol, 2,4,6-tribromo-3-methyl-5-nitro-)